Solve Problems 65 - 70 using Gauss-Jordan elimination. x 1 − 2 x 2 + x 3 + x 4 + 2 x 5 = 2 − 2 x 1 + 4 x 2 + 2 x 3 + 2 x 4 − 2 x 5 = 0 3 x 1 − 6 x 2 + x 3 + x 4 + 5 x 5 = 4 − x 1 + 2 x 2 + 3 x 3 + x 4 + x 5 = 3
Solve Problems 65 - 70 using Gauss-Jordan elimination. x 1 − 2 x 2 + x 3 + x 4 + 2 x 5 = 2 − 2 x 1 + 4 x 2 + 2 x 3 + 2 x 4 − 2 x 5 = 0 3 x 1 − 6 x 2 + x 3 + x 4 + 5 x 5 = 4 − x 1 + 2 x 2 + 3 x 3 + x 4 + x 5 = 3
Solution Summary: The author explains Gauss-Jordan's solution for the given system of equations. The augmented matrix is cx_12,
Solve Problems
65
-
70
using Gauss-Jordan elimination.
x
1
−
2
x
2
+
x
3
+
x
4
+
2
x
5
=
2
−
2
x
1
+
4
x
2
+
2
x
3
+
2
x
4
−
2
x
5
=
0
3
x
1
−
6
x
2
+
x
3
+
x
4
+
5
x
5
=
4
−
x
1
+
2
x
2
+
3
x
3
+
x
4
+
x
5
=
3
= 1. Show
(a) Let G = Z/nZ be a cyclic group, so G = {1, 9, 92,...,g" } with g":
that the group algebra KG has a presentation KG = K(X)/(X” — 1).
(b) Let A = K[X] be the algebra of polynomials in X. Let V be the A-module
with vector space K2 and where the action of X is given by the matrix
Compute End(V) in the cases
(i) x = p,
(ii) xμl.
(67) ·
(c) If M and N are submodules of a module L, prove that there is an isomorphism
M/MON (M+N)/N.
(The Second Isomorphism Theorem for modules.)
You may assume that MON is a submodule of M, M + N is a submodule of L
and the First Isomorphism Theorem for modules.
(a) Define the notion of an ideal I in an algebra A. Define the product on the quotient
algebra A/I, and show that it is well-defined.
(b) If I is an ideal in A and S is a subalgebra of A, show that S + I is a subalgebra
of A and that SnI is an ideal in S.
(c) Let A be the subset of M3 (K) given by matrices of the form
a b
0 a 0
00 d
Show that A is a subalgebra of M3(K).
Ꮖ
Compute the ideal I of A generated by the element and show that A/I K as
algebras, where
0 1 0
x =
0 0 0
001
(a) Let HI be the algebra of quaternions. Write out the multiplication table for 1, i, j,
k. Define the notion of a pure quaternion, and the absolute value of a quaternion.
Show that if p is a pure quaternion, then p² = -|p|².
(b) Define the notion of an (associative) algebra.
(c) Let A be a vector space with basis 1, a, b. Which (if any) of the following rules
turn A into an algebra? (You may assume that 1 is a unit.)
(i) a² = a, b²=ab = ba 0.
(ii) a²
(iii) a²
=
b, b² = abba = 0.
=
b, b²
=
b, ab = ba = 0.
(d) Let u1, 2 and 3 be in the Temperley-Lieb algebra TL4(8).
ገ
12
13
Compute (u3+ Augu2)² where A EK and hence find a non-zero x € TL4 (8) such
that ² = 0.
Chapter 4 Solutions
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