Chapter 4.3, Problem 4.14AFP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mass of aluminium hydroxide that is needed to react with $3.4\times {10}^{-2}\text{L}$ of $0.10M\text{ HCl}$ is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Strong acids and strong bases are the substance that dissociates completely into its ions when dissolved in the solution. They dissociate completely in water to release ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ions and ${\text{OH}}^{-}$ ions.

Weak acids and weak bases are the substance that does not dissociate completely into its ions when dissolved in the solution. They dissociate partially in water to release ${\text{H}}^{+}$ ions and ${\text{OH}}^{-}$ ions.

Hydrochloric acid $\left(\text{HCl}\right)$ is a strong acid and aluminium hydroxide $\left(\text{Al}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_3\right)$ is a strong base. They both dissociate completely into their respective ions and react to form aluminium chloride and a water molecule.

The molecular equation for the acid-base reaction of hydrochloric acid and aluminium hydroxide is:

$\text{3HCl}\left(aq\right)+\text{Al}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_3\left(s\right)\to {\text{AlCl}}_3\left(aq\right)+3{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(l\right)$