Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 43, Problem 1TYU

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Know and Comprehend

1. A sensory receptor absorbs energy from some stimulus. The next step is (a) release of neurotransmitter (b) transmission of an action potential (c) energy transduction (d) transmission of a receptor potential (e) sensory adaptation

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Summary Introduction

Introduction: Sensory receptors are found at the end of neurons. They are also specialized receptors that are in contact with neurons.

Answer to Problem 1TYU

Correct answer: After a sensory receptor absorbs energy from a stimulus, it is followed by energy transduction. Hence, the correct answer is option (c).

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct answer:

An external or internal stimulus induces the sensory receptors. In the process of stimulus reception, the receptors often absorb energy from the source of the stimulus. The type of energy absorbed varies and sensory receptors are highly sensitive to it. Once the energy is received, it is transduced as electrical signals to trigger action potential in the neurons for synaptic transmission.

Option (c) is given as “energy transduction”.

Energy transduction is the next step when a sensory receptor absorbs energy from a stimulus. Hence, the correct answer is option (c).

Reasons for incorrect answers:

Option (a) is given as, “release of neurotransmitter”.

Release of neurotransmitter occurs only after the energy that has been transduced induces an action potential in the neurons. Hence, option (a) is incorrect.

Option (b) is given as, “transmission of an action potential”.

Transmission of action potential occurs only after energy is transduced post absorption from the stimulus. Hence, option (b) is incorrect.

Option (d) is given as, “transmission of a receptor potential”.

Receptor potential has no role here. Hence, option (d) is incorrect.

Option (e) is given as, “sensory adaptation”.

Sensory adaptation is the final step, it does not occur after the sensory receptor absorbs stimulus. Hence, option (e) is incorrect.

Hence, the options (a), (b), (d), and (e) are incorrect.

Conclusion

Energy transduction is the next step when a sensory receptor absorbs energy from a stimulus.

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Check Your Understanding 1. In what tissues or organs are Meissner's and Pacinian corpuscles located? What is the specific function of each? 2. Would you expect certain areas of the body to contain more sensory receptors? Why or why not? Did your results in Exercise 1 reinforce your expectations? 3. If the lips were tested for two-point discrimination, what results would you expect? Why?
4. Frequency (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) selectivity of the inner hair cells is greatly enhanced by: force generated by the opening of the mechanotransduction cells. channel in inner hair force generated by the opening of the mechanotransduction channel in outer hair cells. myosin motors at the tips of the stereocilia. voltage-dependent changes in length of the outer hair cells. All of the above
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