Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 42, Problem 7TYK
If the human body is stressed, glucocorticoids:
a. promote the breakdown of proteins in the muscles and bones.
b. increase the amount of sodium reabsorbed from urine in the kidneys.
c. decrease potassium secretion from the kidneys.
d. decrease glucose uptake by cells in the nervous system.
e. inhibit the synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources.
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Glucagon:
a. Increases glucose transport to skeletal muscle cells
b. Increases glycogen synthesis in liver cells
c. Inhibits gluconeogenesis in liver
d. Increases cellular cAMP level
e. Inhibits glucose synthesis in hypoglycemia
Which of the following will occur when
glucocorticoid levels in the blood increase?
Select one:
A. Blood protein levels increase.
B. Inflammation decreases.
C. Fat deposition in the abdomen
decreases.
D. Bone formation increases.
E. Blood glucose levels decrease.
O
A patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus is admitted to the medical unit with
pneumonia. The patient's oral antidiabetic medication has been discontinued and the
patient is now receiving insulin for glucose control. Which of the following statements best
explains the rationale for this change in medication?
acute illness like pneumonia will cause increased insulin resistance
b. stress-related states such as infections increase risk of hyperglycaemia
c. insulin administration will help prevent hypoglycaemia during the illness
d. infection has compromised beta cell function so the patient will need insulin from now
on
Chapter 42 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 42.1 - What is the difference between a hormone and an...Ch. 42.1 - How is endocrine signaling different from...Ch. 42.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 42.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 42.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 42.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 42.4 - What effect does parathyroid hormone have on the...Ch. 42.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 42.4 - Prob. 3SBCh. 42.4 - Prob. 4SB
Ch. 42.5 - How do hormones compare structurally and...Ch. 42 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 42 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 42 - When the concentration of thyroid hormone in the...Ch. 42 - Which of the following statements about endocrine...Ch. 42 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 42 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 42 - If the human body is stressed, glucocorticoids: a....Ch. 42 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 42 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 42 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 42 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 42 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 42 - Discuss Concepts In integrated pest management, a...Ch. 42 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 42 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 42 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 42 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 42 - Prob. 3ITDCh. 42 - Researchers measured prolactin and growth hormone...
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- Figure 37.11 Pancreatic tumors may cause excess secretion of glucagon. Type I diabetes results from the failure of the pancreas to produce insulin. Which of the following statement about these two conditions is true? A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will have the opposite effects on blood sugar levels. A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will both cause hyperglycemia. A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will both cause hypoglycemia. Both pancreatic tumors and type I diabetes result in the inability of cells to take up glucose.arrow_forwardThe hormones insulin and glucagon play an important role in the regulation of plasma glucose. b) People with Type II diabetes mellitus can manage their condition (maintain adequate glycaemic control) through use of oral hypoglycaemic drugs. Provide a rationale for how two hypoglycaemic drugs, with different mechanisms of action, can both work to lower blood glucose levels in Type II diabetes.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements concerning insulin is NOT true? O a. Insulin can increase glycogen synthesis. O b. C. O d. e. It is secreted by the beta cell of pancreas. The presence of insulin can increase glucose uptake. Glucose in blood can up-regulate its secretion. Insulin can increase gluconeogenesis.arrow_forward
- Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by the: a. inadequate production of insulin in the body. b. rapid break down of carbohydrates in the body. c. excessive movement of blood glucose into various body cells. d. failure of the body to produce ketonesarrow_forward1.if the human body is stressed, glucocorticoids: a decrease potassium secretion from the kidneys. b. decrease glucose uptake by cells in the nervous system. c. increase the amount of sodium reabsorbed from urine in the kidneys d. inhibit the synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources. e promote the breakdown of proteins in the muscles and bones.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about glucagon is true? a. Glucagon causes glycogen to break down to form glucose. b. Glucagon secretion is highest following a heavy meal. c. Glucagon promotes the uptake of glucose by liver and muscle cells. d. Glucagon works with cortisol to lower blood glucose levels.arrow_forward
- Cortisol is responsible for adjusting homeostasis under conditions of chronic stress, such as starvation. Which of the following is/are upregulated under the influence of cortisol during the chronic stress of starvation? choose all that apply. a. the conversion of glycogen into glucose b. the addition of body fat c. the conversion of adipose and amino acids into glucose d. the production of new tissues, such as bone and connective tissuearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements concerning insulin is NOT true? a. Insulin can increase glycogen synthesis. b. The presence of insulin can increase glucose uptake. c. Insulin can increase the secretion of epinephrine. d. It is secreted by the beta cell of pancreas. e. Glucose in blood can up-regulate the secretion of insulin.arrow_forwardGrowth hormonea. increases the usage of glucose.b. increases the breakdown of lipids.c. decreases the synthesis of proteins.d. decreases the synthesis of glycogen.e. All of these are correct.arrow_forward
- Neuropathy is a potential complication of diabetes. Why does it occur? Select one: A. Viral infection in the nerves B. Lack of glucose production by the nerves o C. Blockage of blood vessels that supply the nerve fibers O D. Excessive production of glucose by the brain and spinal cord E. Overproduction of ketone bodies by the liver O Oarrow_forwardIdentify the statements that are TRUE regarding Glucagon. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY A. Glucagon increases blood glucose levels in the body. B. Glucagon is produced and released by alpha cells in the pancrease. C. Glucagon levels will be reduced after eating or drinking carbs D. Glucagon enhances the metabolic actions of insulin within the cell.arrow_forwardA.Where are glucocorticoids made? (cells, organ) B.What organ/or cells secrete them? (may differ from site of formation) C.What stimulates their secretion? Explain negative feedback control of secretion. D.Where do they work (target) E.What do they regulate: physiological outcome?arrow_forward
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