Mastering Physics with Pearson eText -- Standalone Access Card -- for University Physics with Modern Physics (14th Edition)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780133978216
Author: Hugh D. Young, Roger A. Freedman
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 42, Problem 42.1DQ
Van der Waals bonds occur in many molecules, but hydrogen bonds occur only with materials that contain hydrogen. Why is this type of bond unique to hydrogen?
Expert Solution & Answer
To determine
Why hydrogen bonds occur only with materials that contain hydrogen.
Answer to Problem 42.1DQ
The hydrogen bonds occur only with materials that contain hydrogen because only hydrogen has a singly ionized state with no remaining electron cloud.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation:
Hydrogen bond is an attraction between hydrogen bound to a more electronegative atom and another adjacent atom having a lone pair of electrons. It is stronger than van der Waals bond while weaker than ionic and covalent bonds.
In hydrogen bond, a proton gets between two atoms, polarizing them and attracting them by means of the induced dipoles. Hydrogen bond is unique to hydrogen containing compounds because only hydrogen has a singly ionized state with no remaining electron cloud. The hydrogen ion is a bare proton, much smaller than any other singly ionized atom.
Conclusion:
Thus the hydrogen bonds occur only with materials that contain hydrogen because only hydrogen has a singly ionized state with no remaining electron cloud.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!
Students have asked these similar questions
Can someone show step by step solution? thanks
The bond length in F2 is 1.417 Å, instead of twice theatomic radius of F, which is 1.28 Å. What can account forthe unexpected length of the F_ F bond?
Diatomic astatine, At2, is the rarest, heaviest, and largest of the halogens. Astatine has an atomic weight of 210 Daltons, and At2 has a bond
length of 300 pm. Use this information to determine its rotational constant, B, in units of cm-1 (you should keep only two significant figures).
(Note: 1 Dalton = 1.66053 × 10-27 kg, 1 pm = 10–12 m.)
Chapter 42 Solutions
Mastering Physics with Pearson eText -- Standalone Access Card -- for University Physics with Modern Physics (14th Edition)
Ch. 42.1 - If electrons obeyed the exclusion principle but...Ch. 42.2 - Prob. 42.2TYUCh. 42.3 - Prob. 42.3TYUCh. 42.4 - One type of thermometer works by measuring the...Ch. 42.5 - Prob. 42.5TYUCh. 42.6 - Prob. 42.6TYUCh. 42.7 - Suppose a negative charge is placed on the gate of...Ch. 42 - Van der Waals bonds occur in many molecules, but...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.2DQCh. 42 - The H2+ molecule consists of two hydrogen nuclei...
Ch. 42 - The moment of inertia for an axis through the...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.5DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.6DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.7DQCh. 42 - The air you are breathing contains primarily...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.9DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.10DQCh. 42 - What factors determine whether a material is a...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.12DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.13DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.14DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.15DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.16DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.17DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.18DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.19DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.20DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.21DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.22DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.23DQCh. 42 - Prob. 42.24DQCh. 42 - If the energy of the H2 covalent bond is 4.48 eV,...Ch. 42 - An Ionic Bond, (a) Calculate the electric...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.3ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.4ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.5ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.6ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.7ECh. 42 - Two atoms of cesium (Cs) can form a Cs2 molecule....Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.9ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.10ECh. 42 - A lithium atom has mass 1.17 1026 kg, and a...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.12ECh. 42 - When a hypothetical diatomic molecule having atoms...Ch. 42 - The vibrational and rotational energies of the CO...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.15ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.16ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.17ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.18ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.19ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.20ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.21ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.22ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.23ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.24ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.25ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.26ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.27ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.28ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.29ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.30ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.31ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.32ECh. 42 - Prob. 42.33PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.34PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.35PCh. 42 - The binding energy of a potassium chloride...Ch. 42 - (a) For the sodium chloride molecule (NaCl)...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.38PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.39PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.40PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.41PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.42PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.43PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.44PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.45PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.46PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.47PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.48PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.49PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.50PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.51PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.52PCh. 42 - Prob. 42.53CPCh. 42 - Prob. 42.54CPCh. 42 - Prob. 42.55CPCh. 42 - Prob. 42.56PPCh. 42 - Prob. 42.57PPCh. 42 - Prob. 42.58PP
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Analyzing crystal diffraction is intimately tied to the various different geometries in which the atoms can be ...
Modern Physics
3. What is free-fall, and why does it make you weightless? Briefly describe why astronauts are weightless in th...
The Cosmic Perspective
The height of a certain hill (in feet) is given by , where y is the distance (in miles) north, x the distance e...
Introduction to Electrodynamics
For each set of measurements, find the measurement that is
the most accurate.
the least accurate.
the most prec...
Applied Physics (11th Edition)
95. Boiling can be brought about by increasing the temperature of water. How can boiling be brought about witho...
Conceptual Physical Science (6th Edition)
The pV-diagram of the Carnot cycle.
Sears And Zemansky's University Physics With Modern Physics
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- QUESTION 3 The solid phase of an element follows van-der Waals bonding with inter-atomic potential:arrow_forwardThe angles between the tetrahedral bonds of diamond are the same as the angles between the diagonal of a cube.Use elementary analysis to find the value of angle.arrow_forwardGiven that the radius of the Ca2+ and F- ions are 1.03 Å and 1.36 Å, respectively, show that the packing fraction of the CaF2 (Fluorite) structure is 0.61.arrow_forward
- If an electron is removed from each molecule, it is observed that N2+ has a weaker bond than N2, but O2+ has a stronger bond than O2. Explain why electron removal has a different effect on these two molecules.arrow_forward(b) Describe the nature and origin of various forces existing between the atoms of a crystal. Explain the formation of a stable bond using the potential energy versus interatomic distance curve. Assume that the potential energy of two particles in the field of each other is given by U(R) = - R where A and B are constants. R9 (i) Show that the particles form a stable compound for R= R. = (9B/A)/8 (R, is equilibrium separation) i) Show that for stable configuration, the energy of attraction is nine times the energy of repulsion. 8A (iii) Show that the potential energy of the system under stable configuration is 9Rearrow_forward(a) A homogeneous mixture which contains water as a solvent is called (b) Ni(CIOA)2-6H2O is hydrated whereas Ni(CIO4)2 is (c) NaCl contains an bond whereas O2(g) contains a bond (d) A homogeneous mixture has a and composition (e) Temperature is an because it does not depend on the amount of substance (f) The maximum number of electrons that an orbital can have is (9) The energy of the lowest level in the H atom is (h) Arrange the following subshells in the H atom in order of increasing energy/ 3s 4d 2p 4f 3d 2s 3p () Wavelength and frequency of radiation have an relationshiparrow_forward
- In this problem you will model the mixing energy of a mixture in a relatively simple way, in order to relate the existence of a solubility gap to molecular behavior. Consider a mixture of A and B molecules that is ideal in every way but one: The potential energy due to the interaction of neighboring molecules depends upon whether the molecules are like or unlike. Let n be the average number of nearest neighbors of any given molecule (perhaps 6 or 8 or 10). Let Uo be the average potential energy associated with the interaction between neighboring molecules that are the same (A-A or B-B), and let UAB be the potential energy associated with the interaction of a neighboring unlike pair (A-B). There are no interactions beyond the range of the nearest neighbors; the values of Uo and UAB are independent of the amounts of A and B; and the entropy of mixing is the same as for an ideal solution. Show that when the system is unmixed, the total potential energy due to all neighbor-neighbor…arrow_forwardIn this problem you will model the mixing energy of a mixture in a relatively simple way, in order to relate the existence of a solubility gap to molecular behavior. Consider a mixture of A and B molecules that is ideal in every way but one: The potential energy due to the interaction of neighboring molecules depends upon whether the molecules are like or unlike. Let n be the average number of nearest neighbors of any given molecule (perhaps 6 or 8 or 10). Let Uo be the average potential energy associated with the interaction between neighboring molecules that are the same (A-A or B-B), and let UAB be the potential energy associated with the interaction of a neighboring unlike pair (A-B). There are no interactions beyond the range of the nearest neighbors; the values of Uo and UAB are independent of the amounts of A and B; and the entropy of mixing is the same as for an ideal solution. Find a formula for the total potential energy when the system is mixed, in terms of x, the fraction…arrow_forwardQuantum Mechanics, physical chemistry. Screenschot of question attached. For this question, assume the atoms have average atomic masses. Actual molecules will have different isotopes so variation in energy levels will result from different isotopes.arrow_forward
- In this problem you will model the mixing energy of a mixture in a relatively simple way, in order to relate the existence of a solubility gap to molecular behavior. Consider a mixture of A and B molecules that is ideal in every way but one: The potential energy due to the interaction of neighboring molecules depends upon whether the molecules are like or unlike. Let n be the average number of nearest neighbors of any given molecule (perhaps 6 or 8 or 10). Let μ0be the average potential energy associated with the interaction between neighboring molecules that are the same (A-A or B-B), and let μAB be the potential energy associated with the interaction of a neighboring unlike pair (A-B). There are no interactions beyond the range of the nearest neighbors; the values of μ0 and μAB are independent of the amounts of A and B; and the entropy of mixing is the same as for an ideal solution. (a) Show that when the system is unmixed, the total potential energy due to all the…arrow_forwardThe average bond length of a molecule can change slightly with vibrational state. In 2³Na3$Cl, the frequency of light absorbed in a change from the J = 1 to the J = 2 rota- tional state in the ground vibrational state (n = 0) was measured to be v = 2.60511 × 1010 s-1, and that for a change from J = 1 to J = 2 in the first excited vibrational state (n 1) was v = 2.58576 x 1010 s-1. Calculate thearrow_forwardThe CO molecule undergoes a rotational transition from the ℓ = 1 level to the ℓ = 2 level. Using Table 11.1, calculate the values of the reduced mass and the bond length of the molecule. Compare your results with those of Example 11.1.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Modern PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781111794378Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. MoyerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Modern Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781111794378
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. Moyer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
The Laws of Thermodynamics, Entropy, and Gibbs Free Energy; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8N1BxHgsoOw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY