Chapter 4.2, Problem 14LC

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : The experimental evidence that led Rutherford to conclude that an atom is a mostly space is to be analyzed.

Concept Introduction : Rutherford performed a gold foil experiment to test the atomic structure plum-pudding model. The plum-pudding model of atomic structure was described by Thomson who discovered electrons.

Answer to Problem 14LC

Rutherford performed a gold foil experiment and found the experimental results. The gold foil experiment was the evidence that led Rutherford to conclude that an atom is a mostly empty space.

Explanation of Solution

To describe the structure of atoms, Rutherford performed a gold foil experiment.

He overcame the failures that occurred in a plum-pudding model of atomic structure.

A new atomic theory was proposed by Rutherford depending on his experimental results.

According to his theory, the majority of the atom is made up of space, which accounts for the alpha particles' lack of deflection. This was the experimental evidence.

The positive charges and almost all of the mass are concentrated in a tiny area with enough positive charge to explain the significant alpha particle deflection.

He referred to it as the nucleus.