Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 40, Problem 2TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The vertebrate skeleton is divided into two divisions, the axial and the appendicular skeletons. The appendicular skeleton is a part of endoskeleton.
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Compare the bat to the bird. Where is the bat's ulna? Are there any remnants of it? How is the bat's wing membrane supported by its skeleton? Be precise. Does a bird's wing work in the same way? How many metacarpals and digits ("fingers") does it have? (This is all just one question on comparing the bat to the bird)
1. In terms of the differences between the opossum, bird, bat, and mole skeletons which you
examined, which is most like the human (and therefore, most primitive or generalized) ?
2. Which is least like the human and, therefore, the most specialized ?
3. Most anatomists consider bats more specialized than moles; but what important differences
can you see between the mole's forelimbs and that of humans? Why is the front limb of the
mole so specialized? Can you identify: the humerus, clavicle, and scapula in the mole?
4. Compare the bat to the bird. Identify the humerus in each. Where is the bat's ulna? Are
there any remnants of it? How is the bat's wing membrane supported by its skeleton? Be
precise. (You may wish to examine a preserved bat on the display table.) Does a bird's wing
work in the same way? Examine the feathered bird's wing on the display table. What has
happened to the bird's hand? How many metacarpals and digits ("fingers") does it have?
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Chapter 40 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 40.1 - Compare the functions of the epithelial coverings...Ch. 40.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 40.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 40.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 40.1 - Prob. 3CCh. 40.1 - Prob. 4CCh. 40.2 - Compare the structure and functions of different...Ch. 40.2 - Describe the main divisions of the vertebrate...Ch. 40.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 40.2 - Prob. 6LO
Ch. 40.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 40.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 40.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 40.2 - Prob. 4CCh. 40.3 - Prob. 7LOCh. 40.3 - Prob. 8LOCh. 40.3 - Prob. 9LOCh. 40.3 - Compare the roles of glycogen, creatine phosphate,...Ch. 40.3 - Compare the structures and functions of the three...Ch. 40.3 - Prob. 12LOCh. 40.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 40.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 40.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 40.3 - Prob. 4CCh. 40 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 40 - Test Your Understanding 3. An energy storage...Ch. 40 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 40 - Evaluate and Synthesize 9. INTERPRET DATA Examine...Ch. 40 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 14TYU
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- Give at least 10 exoskeletons found in animals, source, its description and state their embryonic origin. (Explain in 1-3 sentences) (Use the table)arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not an example of a hydrostatic skeletal structure? a. the tube feet of sea urchins b. the body wall of annelids c. the mantle of squids d. the body wall of cnidarians e. the penis of mammalsarrow_forwardTest Your Understanding 4.Which of the following characteristics is/are associated with amphibians? (a) amnion (b) placoid scales (c) heart with two complete ventricles (d) swim bladder (e) metamorphosisarrow_forward
- 1. Most land animals with exoskeletons are smaller than the volume of a mouse, and most vertebrates are larger than a mouse (marine invertebrates can be somewhat bigger). What keeps an insect with an exoskeleton from being as big as a horse. 2. Bone gains its rigidity from brick‑hard deposits amidst living cells. Yet we cannot build a large stone skyscraper from a small stone house without breaking the house apart. Yet our bones grow from small hard bones to large hard bones without ever breaking apart into soft vulnerable tissue. How is that accomplished? 3. Why will an increase in the strength of a stimulus cause an increase in the force of contraction in a whole muscle but not in a single muscle fiber?arrow_forwardIn your own words: In which ways does the limb orientation of "advanced" tetrapods differ from that of "primitive" tetrapods? What variations have the manus undergone in the evolution of flight (birds, bats, & pterosaurs), swimming, running, & grasping?arrow_forwardFill in the blank spaces:(a) All mammals (except a few) have __________ cervical vertebra.(b) The number of phalanges in each limb of human is __________(c) Thin filament of myofibril contains 2 ‘F’ actins and two other proteins namely__________ and __________.(d) In a muscle fibre Ca++ is stored in __________(e) __________ and __________ pairs of ribs are called floating ribs.(f) The human cranium is made of __________ bones.arrow_forward
- Shown below are images of the skeletal structure of the front limbs of 4 animals: human, cat, whale, and bat. Each animal has a similar set of bones. Ulna Human Carpal „Humerus Humerus Ulna Radius 30 Carpal Ulna Carpal Whale Radius Humerus Ulna. Radius Bat Carpal Humerus Radiusarrow_forward2. What bone marking helps us identify the inferior side of a human rib? Is this marking present on the first rib? 3. ) Are the bones of your fingers considered long, short, sesamoid, irregular, flat, irregular, or sutural bones? Look at the skeleton if you're not sure. Briefly explain why you picked your answer.arrow_forward1. Would you believe a mouse and a giraffe have the same number of vertebrae in their neck?!? In fact, all mammals with three exceptions have seven neck vertebrae.arrow_forward
- “Form reflects function” is a statement that applies to the skeletal system. What evidence can you provide from your lab work that differences in the skeletons of a frog and human are related to locomotor function? In a bat compared to a human? Provide at least two pieces of evidence for each comparison.arrow_forwardExplain how the three different skeletal system types can be used to create locomotion in animals. Can all three skeletal systems be used for locomotion in each environment (water, land, air)? Why or why not?arrow_forward14.The human axial skeleton includes (This is a multiple choice question choose the answer from the choices below) A.TIbia & Fibula (Leg) B.Femur (thigh) C.Pelvic girdle D.ossiclearrow_forward
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