Chemistry for Changing Times
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780134212777
Author: John W. Hill; Terry W. McCreary
Publisher: Pearson Education (US)
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Chapter 4, Problem 9RQ
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The elements that can form triple bonds between 
should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
- Octet rule: According to this rule, all atoms can lose, gain or share their valence electrons in order to complete their octet or get 8 valence electrons; the electron configuration of the nearest noble element.
- Valence electron: The electrons which are present in the outer most energy level are known as valance electron. This can be calculated by the group number of the element. Generally, the group number is same as the valance electrons of any elements.
- There are two types of ions: positive and negative ions; which are formed when a neutral atom either loses or gains an electron.
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3. Propose a synthesis for the following transformation. Do not draw an arrow-pushing
mechanism below, but make sure to draw the product of each proposed step (3 points).
CN
+ En
CN
3) Propagation of uncertainty. Every measurement has uncertainty. In this problem, we'll
evaluate the uncertainty in every step of a titration of potassium hydrogen phthalate (a
common acid used in titrations, abbreviated KHP, formula CsH5KO4) with NaOH of an
unknown concentration.
The calculation that ultimately needs to be carried out is:
concentration NaOH
1000 x mass KHP × purity KHP
molar mass KHP x volume NaOH
Measurements:
a) You use a balance to weigh 0.3992 g of KHP. The uncertainty is ±0.15 mg (0.00015
g).
b) You use a buret to slowly add NaOH to the KHP until it reaches the endpoint. It takes
18.73 mL of NaOH. The uncertainty of the burst is 0.03 mL..
c) The manufacturer states the purity of KHP is 100%±0.05%.
d) Even though we don't think much about them, molar masses have uncertainty as well.
The uncertainty comes from the distribution of isotopes, rather than random
measurement error. The uncertainty in the elements composing KHP are:
a. Carbon:
b. Hydrogen:
±0.0008…
Don't used hand raiting and don't used Ai solution
Chapter 4 Solutions
Chemistry for Changing Times
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