Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 4, Problem 7TYK
Which of the following statements about proteins is correct?
a. Proteins are transported to the rough ER for use within the cell.
b. Lipids and carbohydrates are added to proteins by the Golgi complex.
c. Proteins are transported directly into the cytosol for secretion from the cell.
d. Proteins that are to be stored by the cell are moved to the rough ER.
e. Proteins are synthesized in vesicles.
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Match the following structures with their definitions: (1) Golgi apparatus (2) mitochondria (3) peroxisomes (4) cilia (5) endoplasmic reticulum (6) cytoskeleton (7) vesicles (8) ribosomesA. sacs that contain enzymes that catalyze a variety of specific biochemical reactions B. structures on which protein synthesis occurs C. structures that house the reactions that release energy from nutrients D. a network of microfilaments and microtubules that supports and shapes a cell E. a structure that adds sugars to certain proteins and processes them for secretion F. membrane-bounded sacs G. a network of membranous channels and sacs where lipids and proteins are synthesized H. hairlike structures that extend from certain cell surfaces and wave abou
Chapter 4 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 4.2 - Where in a prokaryotic cell is DNA found? How is...Ch. 4.3 - Where in a eukaryotic cell is DNA found? How is...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 4.3 - Explain the structure and function of the...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 4SBCh. 4.3 - What is the structure and function of the...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 4.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 4.5 - What are the structures and function of anchoring...
Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 2SBCh. 4 - A prokaryote converts food energy into the...Ch. 4 - Eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomes are similar...Ch. 4 - Which of the following structures does not require...Ch. 4 - Which of the following structures is not used in...Ch. 4 - Which of the following are glycoproteins whose...Ch. 4 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 4 - Which of the following statements about proteins...Ch. 4 - Which of the following is not a component of the...Ch. 4 - Discuss Concepts Explain why aliens invading Earth...Ch. 4 - You are examining a cell from a crime scene using...Ch. 4 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 4 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 4 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 4 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 4 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 4 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 4 - 17. The unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1ITD
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- The following is the site where a lipid is added to a protein to make a lipoprotein: O a. Nucleus O b. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum O c. Lysosome O d. Mitochondria O e. Golgi apparatusarrow_forwardProteins that are trafficked through the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells are never exposed directly to the cytoplasm. Which of the following is the best explanation for why this is true? A. Cells that specialize in protein secretion lack cytoplasm, because protein synthesis machinery takes up the volume of the cell instead. B. For a protein that will be secreted, during the whole time that it spends inside of the cell, it is enclosed within other membrane-bound compartments. C. While a protein is in the secretory pathway, it is surrounded by a dense cloud of ions that protect it from the cytoplasm. D. A protein that will be secreted is not synthesized by ribosomes in the cytoplasm; instead, it is synthesized by proteins at the plasma membrane and fed directly into the extracellular space.arrow_forwardA protein is synthesized on a ribosome within the rough endoplasmic reticulum. If the protein needs to be modified and packaged before export from the cell, to which structure is it sent? a. endosome b. Golgi body c. nucleus d. lysosome e. smooth endoplasmic reticulumarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements are correct about how the complex biological matrix of the cell may affect protein folding, stability and function (select all that appy)? A. ATP tends to "bounce" along the surfaces of many proteins without forming a stable complex B. Proteins make up approximately 30% of the total volume of the cytoplasm in a typical cell C. Compettition between drug molecules and metabolites in the cytoplasm may cause unexpected drug side effects not seen with individual proteins in solution. D. Large protein complexes move faster through the cytoplasm than small metabolites. E. Complex intercations between proteins in the cell may significantly destabilize a protein compared to the isolated protein in waterarrow_forwardThe protein sorting pathway involves the following organelles/ compartments in order: a. SER, RER, transport vesicle, Golgi. b. RER, lysosome, Golgi. c. RER, transport vesicle, Golgi, final destination. d. Golgi, transport vesicle, RER, final destination.arrow_forwardAnswer the Guide Question: a) Each cell in an organism has all of the basic parts. Each has a function that benefits the other cells, how might the presence of different cell structures in plant and animal help them perform their functions as an organism. Explain. b) Why is the cell membrane considered as the guard of the cell? c) Why is the lysosome considered as the suicide bag of the cell?arrow_forward
- Match the following structures with their definitions: (1) Golgi apparatus (2) mitochondria (3) peroxisomes (4) cilia (5) endoplasmic reticulum (6) cytoskeleton (7) vesicles (8) ribosomes A. sacs that contain enzymes thatcatalyze a variety of specific biochemical reactionsB. structures on which protein synthesis occursC. structures that house the reactions that release energy from nutrientsD. a network of microfilaments and microtubules that supports and shapes a cellE. a structure that adds sugars to certain proteins and processes them for secretionF. membrane-bounded sacsG. a network of membranous channels and sacs where lipids and proteinsare synthesizedH. hairlike structures that extend from certain cell surfaces and wave about.arrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. ribosome b. macromolecular crowding c. excluded volume d. signal transduction e. hormonearrow_forwardWhat is the primary characteristic of peripheral membrane proteins? A: They cannot be post-translationally modified. B: They span the entire lipid bilayer, sometimes multiple times. C: Detergents or nonpolar solvents are necessary to remove them from the lipid bilayer. D:Weak intermolecular forces keep them attached to the lipid membrane.arrow_forward
- Hepatitis C viral infection causes the Golgi apparatus in cells to degrade. Which of the following would be a likely outcome for someone infected with hepatitis C? A. Removal of foreign substances and worn-out cell components would be prevented B. Synthesized proteins would be packaged into transport vesicles at a slower rate C. Ribosomal function would decrease D. Secretory proteins would be prevented from being secretedarrow_forwardThe organelle that combines proteins with carbohydrates and packages them within vesicles for secretion is A.the Golgi complex. B.the rough endoplasmic reticulum. C.the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. D.the ribosome.arrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes an integral membrane protein? A.A protein that has an extracellular domain, a membrane-spanning domain that spans the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane, and an intracellular domain. B.A protein that peripherally associates with the membrane via ionic interactions another protein embedded in the membrane. C.A protein that is soluble in the cytoplasm. D.A protein that peripherally associates with the membrane via ionic interactions between polar charged amino acids and the polar head groups of the phospholipids in the membrane.arrow_forward
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