All three staggered conformations for the given structure have to be drawn; and most stable staggered conformation has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Conformations: Rotation about C-C single bonds allows a compound to adopt a variety of possible three-dimensional shapes. Newman projections: The new conformations of compounds can be drawn and analyzed by Newman projections. A Newman projection visualizes different conformations of Carbon-carbon chemical bond from front to back with the front carbon represented as a black dot and the back carbon represented as a circle. The angle between two hydrogens of a Newman projection is called as dihedral angle or torsional angle. This dihedral angle changes as the C-C bond rotates. Two conformations with special attentions are staggered and eclipsed conformation. Staggered conformation is the lowest in energy and the eclipsed conformation is the highest in energy. For example, Anti-conformation: The conformation with a dihedral angle of 180 ∘ is called anti-conformation. The two methyl groups achieve maximum separation from each other. In other, methyl groups are closer to each other; their electron clouds are repelling each other, causing an increase in energy. This unfavorable interaction is called gauche interaction.

Question

Complete the following table. The only density needed is already given. Show your calculations in a neat and easy-to-follow manner in the space below the table. All units should be included and significant figures should be given close attention. Be sure to notice that the amount of material should be in millimoles rather than moles, and the theoretical mass of the product should in milligrams rather than grams. LOCH 3 + H2SO4 HNO 3 O=C-OCH 3 NO2 x H₂O F.W. 4.0 mL 1.3 M amount 0.50 mL in H2SO4 mg Theoretical Theoretical mmoles density 1.09

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 75CP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

All three staggered conformations for the given structure have to be drawn; and most stable staggered conformation has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Conformations: Rotation about C-C single bonds allows a compound to adopt a variety of possible three-dimensional shapes.

Newman projections: The new conformations of compounds can be drawn and analyzed by Newman projections. A Newman projection visualizes different conformations of Carbon-carbon chemical bond from front to back with the front carbon represented as a black dot and the back carbon represented as a circle.

The angle between two hydrogens of a Newman projection is called as dihedral angle or torsional angle. This dihedral angle changes as the C-C bond rotates. Two conformations with special attentions are staggered and eclipsed conformation. Staggered conformation is the lowest in energy and the eclipsed conformation is the highest in energy.

For example,

Anti-conformation: The conformation with a dihedral angle of 180∘ is called anti-conformation.

The two methyl groups achieve maximum separation from each other. In other, methyl groups are closer to each other; their electron clouds are repelling each other, causing an increase in energy. This unfavorable interaction is called gauche interaction.

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