The number of stereoisomers present in given structure of ephedrine has to be determined. Concept introduction: Stereoisomers are isomers which have different spatial arrangement in spite of same bond connectivity. Stereoisomers are due to the presence of stereocenter. Asymmetric center is a stereocenter which arises to hydrocarbons if the carbon is bonded to four different groups. The equation for finding Stereoisomers from number of asymmetric centers in compounds is 2 n , in which ‘n’ is the number of asymmetric centers.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 67P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of stereoisomers present in given structure of ephedrine has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Stereoisomers are isomers which have different spatial arrangement in spite of same bond connectivity. Stereoisomers are due to the presence of stereocenter.

Asymmetric center is a stereocenter which arises to hydrocarbons if the carbon is bonded to four different groups.

The equation for finding Stereoisomers from number of asymmetric centers in compounds is 2n, in which ‘n’ is the number of asymmetric centers.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The configuration of each of asymmetric centers has to be given.

Concept introduction:

According to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system,

The group attached to asymmetric center should be ranked based on the atomic number of atom which directly connected to asymmetric center. The higher the atomic number of atom, higher the priority. If there is tie, then consider the next atoms attached to the connected atom and so on.

Check the direction of arrow drawn in the direction of decreasing priority. If the arrow points clockwise direction, then the compound has R configuration. If the arrow points counterclockwise direction, then the compound has S configuration. If the group with lowest priority is not bonded by a hatched wedge, then interchange this group (lowest priority) by group bonded to hatched wedge and draw the arrow in priority order but the configuration is assigned as just reverse.

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1d. Use Le Chatelier's principle to describe the effect of the following changes on the position of the Haber-Bosch equilibrium: N2(g) + 3H2(g)= 2NH3(9) AH = -92kJ Choose one of the following answers: shift to reactant side, shift to product side or no change and draw the resulting graph. I. Increase the [N2(g)] Effect: H₂ N₂ NH3 II. Decrease the volume of the container. Effect: H₂ N₂2 NH3

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e) Determine the hybridization and geometry around the indicated carbon atoms. H3C CH3 B HC CH2 A C C C CH3

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 67P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of stereoisomers present in given structure of ephedrine has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Stereoisomers are isomers which have different spatial arrangement in spite of same bond connectivity. Stereoisomers are due to the presence of stereocenter.

Asymmetric center is a stereocenter which arises to hydrocarbons if the carbon is bonded to four different groups.

The equation for finding Stereoisomers from number of asymmetric centers in compounds is 2n, in which ‘n’ is the number of asymmetric centers.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The configuration of each of asymmetric centers has to be given.

Concept introduction:

According to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system,

The group attached to asymmetric center should be ranked based on the atomic number of atom which directly connected to asymmetric center. The higher the atomic number of atom, higher the priority. If there is tie, then consider the next atoms attached to the connected atom and so on.

Check the direction of arrow drawn in the direction of decreasing priority. If the arrow points clockwise direction, then the compound has R configuration. If the arrow points counterclockwise direction, then the compound has S configuration. If the group with lowest priority is not bonded by a hatched wedge, then interchange this group (lowest priority) by group bonded to hatched wedge and draw the arrow in priority order but the configuration is assigned as just reverse.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 67P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of stereoisomers present in given structure of ephedrine has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Stereoisomers are isomers which have different spatial arrangement in spite of same bond connectivity. Stereoisomers are due to the presence of stereocenter.

Asymmetric center is a stereocenter which arises to hydrocarbons if the carbon is bonded to four different groups.

The equation for finding Stereoisomers from number of asymmetric centers in compounds is 2n, in which ‘n’ is the number of asymmetric centers.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The configuration of each of asymmetric centers has to be given.

Concept introduction:

According to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system,

The group attached to asymmetric center should be ranked based on the atomic number of atom which directly connected to asymmetric center. The higher the atomic number of atom, higher the priority. If there is tie, then consider the next atoms attached to the connected atom and so on.

Check the direction of arrow drawn in the direction of decreasing priority. If the arrow points clockwise direction, then the compound has R configuration. If the arrow points counterclockwise direction, then the compound has S configuration. If the group with lowest priority is not bonded by a hatched wedge, then interchange this group (lowest priority) by group bonded to hatched wedge and draw the arrow in priority order but the configuration is assigned as just reverse.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 67P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of stereoisomers present in given structure of ephedrine has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Stereoisomers are isomers which have different spatial arrangement in spite of same bond connectivity. Stereoisomers are due to the presence of stereocenter.

Asymmetric center is a stereocenter which arises to hydrocarbons if the carbon is bonded to four different groups.

The equation for finding Stereoisomers from number of asymmetric centers in compounds is 2n, in which ‘n’ is the number of asymmetric centers.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The configuration of each of asymmetric centers has to be given.

Concept introduction:

According to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system,

The group attached to asymmetric center should be ranked based on the atomic number of atom which directly connected to asymmetric center. The higher the atomic number of atom, higher the priority. If there is tie, then consider the next atoms attached to the connected atom and so on.

Check the direction of arrow drawn in the direction of decreasing priority. If the arrow points clockwise direction, then the compound has R configuration. If the arrow points counterclockwise direction, then the compound has S configuration. If the group with lowest priority is not bonded by a hatched wedge, then interchange this group (lowest priority) by group bonded to hatched wedge and draw the arrow in priority order but the configuration is assigned as just reverse.

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Answer 5

Chapter 4, Problem 67P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of stereoisomers present in given structure of ephedrine has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Stereoisomers are isomers which have different spatial arrangement in spite of same bond connectivity. Stereoisomers are due to the presence of stereocenter.

Asymmetric center is a stereocenter which arises to hydrocarbons if the carbon is bonded to four different groups.

The equation for finding Stereoisomers from number of asymmetric centers in compounds is 2n, in which ‘n’ is the number of asymmetric centers.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The configuration of each of asymmetric centers has to be given.

Concept introduction:

According to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system,

The group attached to asymmetric center should be ranked based on the atomic number of atom which directly connected to asymmetric center. The higher the atomic number of atom, higher the priority. If there is tie, then consider the next atoms attached to the connected atom and so on.

Check the direction of arrow drawn in the direction of decreasing priority. If the arrow points clockwise direction, then the compound has R configuration. If the arrow points counterclockwise direction, then the compound has S configuration. If the group with lowest priority is not bonded by a hatched wedge, then interchange this group (lowest priority) by group bonded to hatched wedge and draw the arrow in priority order but the configuration is assigned as just reverse.

Answer 6

Chapter 4, Problem 67P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of stereoisomers present in given structure of ephedrine has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Stereoisomers are isomers which have different spatial arrangement in spite of same bond connectivity. Stereoisomers are due to the presence of stereocenter.

Asymmetric center is a stereocenter which arises to hydrocarbons if the carbon is bonded to four different groups.

The equation for finding Stereoisomers from number of asymmetric centers in compounds is 2n, in which ‘n’ is the number of asymmetric centers.

Answer 7

Chapter 4, Problem 67P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of stereoisomers present in given structure of ephedrine has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Stereoisomers are isomers which have different spatial arrangement in spite of same bond connectivity. Stereoisomers are due to the presence of stereocenter.

Asymmetric center is a stereocenter which arises to hydrocarbons if the carbon is bonded to four different groups.

The equation for finding Stereoisomers from number of asymmetric centers in compounds is 2n, in which ‘n’ is the number of asymmetric centers.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The configuration of each of asymmetric centers has to be given.

Concept introduction:

According to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system,

The group attached to asymmetric center should be ranked based on the atomic number of atom which directly connected to asymmetric center. The higher the atomic number of atom, higher the priority. If there is tie, then consider the next atoms attached to the connected atom and so on.

Check the direction of arrow drawn in the direction of decreasing priority. If the arrow points clockwise direction, then the compound has R configuration. If the arrow points counterclockwise direction, then the compound has S configuration. If the group with lowest priority is not bonded by a hatched wedge, then interchange this group (lowest priority) by group bonded to hatched wedge and draw the arrow in priority order but the configuration is assigned as just reverse.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The configuration of each of asymmetric centers has to be given.

Concept introduction:

According to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system,

The group attached to asymmetric center should be ranked based on the atomic number of atom which directly connected to asymmetric center. The higher the atomic number of atom, higher the priority. If there is tie, then consider the next atoms attached to the connected atom and so on.

Check the direction of arrow drawn in the direction of decreasing priority. If the arrow points clockwise direction, then the compound has R configuration. If the arrow points counterclockwise direction, then the compound has S configuration. If the group with lowest priority is not bonded by a hatched wedge, then interchange this group (lowest priority) by group bonded to hatched wedge and draw the arrow in priority order but the configuration is assigned as just reverse.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 4.1 - Draw the cis and trans isomers for the following:...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 4P Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 5P Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 6P Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 7P Ch. 4.2 - Tamoxifen slows the growth of some breast tumors...Ch. 4.2 - Draw and label the E and Z isomers for each of the...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 10P Ch. 4.2 - Name each of the following:Ch. 4.2 - Draw the structure of (Z)-2,3-dimethyl-3-heptene.

Solution Summary: The author explains that stereoisomers have different spatial arrangement in spite of same bond connectivity. Asymmetric centers arise to hydrocarbons if the carbon is bonded to four different groups.

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