Chapter 4, Problem 53A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The correct formula of the inorganic acids needs to be determined.

Concept introduction: An oxyacid can be defined as an  acid that contains an oxygen atom which is  bonded to a hydrogen  and at least one other element.

For oxyanions which ends with “-ate” the nomencleture of the acid done in such that “-ate” is replaced by suffix “- ic ”.

Base name of oxyanion and ic + acid

Answer to Problem 53A

The correct name is Nitric acid.

Explanation of Solution

There are three oxygen, one hydrogen, and one nitrogen and hence formula of the acid is ${\text{HNO}}_{\text{3}}$ . The oxyanion is “nitrate” ( ${\text{NO}}_3^{-}$ ) and hence the suffix becomes “nitric”.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Correct formula of the inorganic acids needs to be determined.

Concept introduction: An oxyacid can be defined as an  acid that contains an oxygen atom which is  bonded to a hydrogen  and at least one other element.

For oxyanions which ends with “-ate” the nomencleture of the acid done in such that “-ate” is replaced by suffix “- ic ”.

Base name of oxyanion and ic + acid

Answer to Problem 53A

The correct name is Perchloric acid.

Explanation of Solution

There are four oxygen, one hydrogen and one chlorine and hence formula of the acid is ${\text{HClO}}_4$ . The oxyanion is “perchlorate” ( ${\text{ClO}}_4^{-}$ ) and hence the suffix becomes “perchloric”.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Correct formula of the inorganic acids needs to be determined.

Concept introduction: An oxyacid can be defined as an  acid that contains an oxygen atom which is  bonded to a hydrogen  and at least one other element.

For oxyanions which ends with “-ate” the nomencleture of the acid done in such that “-ate” is replaced by suffix “- ic ”.

Base name of oxyanion and ic + acid

Answer to Problem 53A

The correct name is Acetic acid.

Explanation of Solution

There are two carbon, four hydrogen and two oxygen and hence formula of the acid is ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOH}$ . The oxyanion is “acetate” ( ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{COO}}^{-}$ ) and hence the suffix becomes “acetic”.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Correct formula of the inorganic acids needs to be determined.

Concept introduction: An oxyacid can be defined as an  acid that contains an oxygen atom which is  bonded to a hydrogen  and at least one other element.

For oxyanions which ends with “-ate” the nomencleture of the acid done in such that “-ate” is replaced by suffix “- ic ”.

Base name of oxyanion and ic + acid

Answer to Problem 53A

The correct name is Sulfuric acid.

Explanation of Solution

There are two hydrogen, one sulfur and four oxygen and hence formula of the acid is ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$ . The oxyanion is “sulphate” and hence the suffix becomes “sulfuric”.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Correct formula of the inorganic acids needs to be determined.

Concept introduction: An oxyacid can be defined as an  acid that contains an oxygen atom which is  bonded to a hydrogen  and at least one other element.

For oxyanions which ends with “-ate” the nomencleture of the acid done in such that “-ate” is replaced by suffix “- ic ”.

Base name of oxyanion and ic + acid

Answer to Problem 53A

The correct name is Phosphoric acid.

Explanation of Solution

There are three hydrogen, one phosphorous, and four oxygen and hence formula of the acid is ${\text{H}}_3{\text{PO}}_{\text{4}}$ . The oxyanion is “phosphate” and hence the suffix becomes “phosphoric”.