Biological Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976499
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 4TYK
Summary Introduction
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The
Introduction:
In molecular biology and biochemistry, directionality refers to chemical orientation of a single strand of nucleic acid. The directionality of the two ends of a single strand of a nucleic acid can be defined by the functional groups present at the ends of the strand.
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DNA molecules consist of chemically linked sequences of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine, denoted A, G, C, and T. A sequence of three basesiscalleda codon. A base may appear more than once in a codon. a) How many different codons are there? b) The bases A and G are purines, while C and T are pyrimidines. How many codons are there whose first and third bases are purines and whose second base is a pyrimidine? c) How many codons consist of three different bases?
If the DNA sequence A-T-T-G-G-C-C-T-A on an informational strand mutated and became A-C-T-G-G-C-C-T-A, what effect would the mutation have on the sequence of the protein produced?
An RNA molecule has the following percentages of bases: A = 27%, U =
38%, C=20%, G = 15%.
(A) Is this RNA molecule single-stranded or double stranded? How can you
tell?
(B) What would be the percentage of each of the bases in the template strand
of the DNA that contains the gene for this RNA?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Biological Science (6th Edition)
Ch. 4 - What are the four nitrogenous bases found in RNA?...Ch. 4 - 2. What determines the primary structure of a DNA...Ch. 4 - 3. Which of the following describes the synthesis...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 4 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 4 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 4 - What would be the sequence of the strand of DNA...Ch. 4 - 8. According to the RNA world model, a ribozyme...Ch. 4 - Make a concept map (see BioSkills 12 ) that...Ch. 4 - Prob. 10TYPSS
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- One DNA chain of a DNA double helix contains 18% A, 35% T, 28% C, and 21% G. What is the composition of the complementary DNA chain?arrow_forwardWhat are the monomers that makeup a nucleic acid and what are the monomers composed of? What type of bond is found along the backbone of the DNA backbone?arrow_forwardWhat sequence of bases on one strand of DNA (reading in the 3′ to 5′ direction) is complementary to the sequence 5′ T-A-T-G-C-A-G 3′ on the other strand?arrow_forward
- Do any strands of nucleic acid exist in nature in which part of the strand is DNA and another part of that same strand is RNA? If so, describe when such strands of nucleic acid are synthesized. Is the RNA component at the 5′ end or at the 3′ end?arrow_forwardHairpins may form at palindromic sequences in single strands of either RNA or DNA. How is the helical structure of a long and fully base-paired (except at the end) hairpin in RNA different from that of a similar hairpin in DNA?arrow_forwardHow long is an α-helix that contains 74 amino acids?arrow_forward
- What are the three components of a nucleotide? With regard to the 5′ and 3′ positions on a sugar molecule, how are nucleotides linked together to form a strand of DNA?arrow_forwardA) Draw the structure and give the name of a nucleotide made of G + ribose. B) Write the complementary base sequence for the matching strand in the DNA section shown below.5’ – C T G T A T A C G T T A – 3’ Please answer both partsarrow_forwardIn a segment of DNA consisting of 1000 nitrogen bases, 28% of which are thymine, how many bases are adenine, guanine, and cytosine?arrow_forward
- What is the sequence of amino acids coded by the following sequence of nucleotides on a strand of DNA from the 5' to 3' end? A - T - C - G - C - T - A - C - G - A - A - T How many nucleotides are there?arrow_forwardIf a DNA double helix contains 28% T nucleotides, then what is the percentage of A nucleotides?arrow_forwarddraw a picture of a SINGLE strand of DNA (a polynucleotide) composed of 9 (nine) nucleotides of your choice. Do use ALL 4 nucleotides. Use 3 simple symbols to represent the phosphate, the sugar, and the base in each nucleotide. For example, use a circle with the letter “P” for the phosphate in the backbone, a square with the letter “S” for the sugar in the backbone, and a triangle with the letter “A, T, C or G” for the bases.As you draw the diagram be sure to put solid lines for the covalent bonds you are creating to join new nucleotides to the elongating DNA chain.arrow_forward
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