Chapter 4, Problem 4.54P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The fully labeled flow chart of the given reaction is to be drawn. The degree-of-freedom analysis is to be predicted. The chemical reactions that occur are to be stated. A set of independent equations relating the unknown variables on the flowchart is to be generated.

Concept introduction:

The ideal gas law for a gas is represented by the formula,

$PV=nRT$

Here,

• $P$ is pressure.
• $R$ is gas constant.
• $V$ is volume.
• $T$ is temperature.
• $n$ is the number of moles.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The specific piece of information that allows solving the problem is to be identified. The solution of the problem is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The state variables are the independent variables used to define the state of any system. Degree of freedom is the minimum number of independent variables used to define a system.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The effect of production of high concentration of carbonic acid on the blood $\text{pH}$ near the tissue and tissue cells is to be predicted. The effect of this to injured person is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The $\text{pH}$ scale tells about the strength of an acid or a base. It measures the concentration of the hydrogen ions. There is an inverse relation between the $\text{pH}$ value and the concentration of the hydrogen ion. Higher the concentration of hydrogen ions, lesser the value of $\text{pH}$.