Concept explainers
Methanol, CH3OH, is used in racing cars because it is a clean-burning fuel. It can be made by this reaction:
What is the percentage yield if
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Chemistry for Engineering Students
- Aluminum carbide, Al4C3, reacts with water to produce methane, CH4. Al4C3(s) + 12 H2O(l) 4 Al(OH)3(s) + 3 CH4(g) 1. If 125 g of aluminum carbide is decomposed, what is the theoretical yield of methane? (a) 4.64 g (b) 13.9 g (c) 415 g (d) 154 garrow_forwardThe reaction of equal molar amounts of benzene, C6H6, and chlorine, Cl2, carried out under special conditions completely consumes the reactants and yields a gas and a clear liquid. Analysis of the liquid shows that it contains 64.03% carbon, 4.48% hydrogen, and 31.49% chlorine, and has a molar mass of 112.5 g/mol. Write the balanced equation for this reaction.arrow_forwardDisulfur dichloride, S2Cl2, is used to vulcanize rubber. It can be made by treating molten sulfur with gaseous chlorine. S8() + 4 Cl2(g) 4 S2Cl2(g) Complete this table of reaction quantities for the production of 103.5 g S2Cl2.arrow_forward
- 4.24 Ammonia gas can be prepared by the reaction CaO(s)+2NH4Cl(s)2NH3(g)+H2O(g)+CaCl2(s) If 112 g of CaO reacts with 224 g of NH4Cl, how many moles of reactants and products are there when the reaction is complete?arrow_forward4.69 The pictures below show a molecular-scale view of a chemical reaction between H2 and CO to produce methanol, CH3OH. The box on the left represents the reactants at the instant of mixing, and the box on the right shows what is left once the reaction has gone to completion. Was there a limiting reactant in this reaction? If so, what was it? Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. As usual, your equation should use the smallest possible whole number coefficients for all substances.arrow_forwardThe sugar sucrose, which is present in many fruits and vegetables, reacts in the presence of certain yeast enzymes to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide gas. Balance the following equation for this reaction of sucrose. C12H22O11(aq) + H2O(l) C2H5OH(aq) + CO2(g)arrow_forward
- 3.92 Many chemical reactions take place in the catalytic con- verter of a car. In one of these reactions, nitric oxide (NO) reacts with ammonia (NH3) to give nitrogen (N2) and water. Write a balanced equation for this reaction.arrow_forward4.108 Elemental analysis is sometimes carried out by combustion of the sample. For a hydrocarbon, the only products formed are CO2 and H2O. If a 1.36-g sample of an unknown hydrocarbon is burned and 2.21 g of H2O is produced along with 4.07 g of CO2, what is the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon?arrow_forwardThe catalytic converter that is standard equipment on American automobiles converts carbon monoxide (CO)to carbon dioxide (CO2) by the reaction 2CO + O2 2CO2 What mass of O2, in grams, is needed to react completely with 25.0 g of CO?arrow_forward
- When sprayed into the flame of a torch, powdered iron reacts with oxygen from the air to form iron(III) oxide, Fe2O3: 4 Fe(s) + 3 O02(g) → 2 Fe2O3(s) If 2.50 g Fe2O3 is formed by this reaction, calculate the maximum total mass of iron metal and oxygen that reacted. Identify the stoichiometric coefficients in this equation. If 10,000 oxygen atoms reacted, calculate how many Fe atoms were needed to react with this quantity of oxygen.arrow_forwardAmmonia can be formed by a direct reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen. N2(g) + 3 H2(g) 2 NH3(g) A tiny portion of the starting mixture is represented by the diagram, where the blue circles represent N and the white circles represent H. Which of these represents the product mixture? For the reaction of the given sample, which of these statements is true? (a) N2 is the limiting reactant. (b) H2 is the limiting reactant. (c) NH, is the limiting reactant. (d) No reactant is limiting: they are present in the correct stoichiometric ratio.arrow_forwardYou take 1.00 g of an aspirin tablet (a compound consisting solely of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen), burn it in air, and collect 2.20 g CO2 and 0.400 g H2O. You know that the molar mass of aspirin is between 170 and 190 g/mol. Reacting 1 mole of salicylic acid with I mole of acetic anhydride (C4H6O3) gives you 1 mole of aspirin and 1 mole of acetic acid (C2H4O2). Use this information to determine the molecular formula of salicylic acid.arrow_forward
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