
Concept explainers
Interpretation:
It should be determined the group that exhibits highest second ionization energy.
Concept introduction:
First ionization energy: It is the amount of energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom.
Second ionization energy: It is the amount of energy required to remove another electron from an ion.

Answer to Problem 4.1KSP
The given option e is the correct answer
Explanation of Solution
Reason for the correct answer
For expalining the reason for correct answer it is needed to take one element from the group 1A Sodium (Na) is taken as an example
The first ionisation energy is the amount of energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom. So the one electron can be easily removed from the
By removing the one electron from the outermost shell, Sodium ion is formed and the electronic configuration becomes,
Second ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove another electron from an ion.
Here in the case the electronic configuration can be written as
According octet rule it attains eight electrons in the outer most shell. So it is very difficult to remove one single electron from the ion. That is more energy is required to remove the electron from the ion. So it can be concluded that group 1A exhibits the highest second ionization energy.
Reason for incorrect answer
Since the electronic configuration of elements from the group 1A after removing the single electron attains the eight electrons, it is very difficult to remove another electron from an ion and higher amount of energy is required.
The group that exhibits highest second ionization energy was determined.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Chemistry: Atoms First
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