Concept explainers
To determine:
Does injecting synthetic EPO is differing, in a fundamental way from transfusing red blood cells taken from one’s own blood.
Introduction:
Erythropoietin is a naturally occurring protein hormone and is produced in the body by the kidneys and is used to regulate red blood cell production. Patients suffering from anemia are legally allowed to use this medically.
To determine:
How different training methods affect the fairness of sporting competitions.
Introduction:
The written and unwritten rules are the building blocks of fair play and they should be followed on the field as well as during training also. Fair sports competitions respect sports, and unfair practices must not occur in competitions.
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Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
- Figure 5 shows oxyhemoglobin dissociatlon curves at pH 7.2 and pH 7.4. Which of the following is true at PO2 less than 40 mm Hg? 27. % saturation af haemogiobin 100 pH 7.4 80 60 pH 7.2 40 + 20 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Po; (mm Hg) Figure 5 A. Hemoglobin retains less O2 at pH 7.4 compared to pH 7.2. B. Hemoglobin retains less O2 at pH 7.2 compared to pH 7.4. C. The release of O2 from hemoglobin is not influenced by the production of CO2. D. At pH 7.2 where CO2 production is less than pH 7.4, hemoglobin releases less O2.arrow_forwardWhat are the physiological advantages in sport due to using erythropoietin? What are the physiological consequences of using erythropoietin? Give an example of a Professional Athlete that used erythropoietin (Armstrong does not count).arrow_forwardA female patient has presented with the following results for spirometry and plasma Po2. What is your diagnosis? (You may need to look up the normal ranges for a female). Parameter Vital Capacity FEV₁ FVC Arterial Po2 Venous Po2 COPD Value 2120 ml 1450 ml 1810 ml 87 mmHg 34 mmHg Pulmonary fibrosis O Pulmonary oedema O Methemoglobinaemia (causes a leftward shift in the oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve)arrow_forward
- The erythrocyte sedimentation rate 1. measures the settling of erythrocytes over the period of one minute 2. values are either at 0 or relatively low for healthy individuals 3. is increased when fibrinogen levels become elevated 4. is increased when immunoglobulin levels are lowered 5. is elevated in an individual with angina pectoris Choose from the following: (A) 1, 2, and 3 (B) 2 and 3 (C) 3 and 4 (D) 2, 3, and 4 (E) 2, 3, 4, and 5 (F) 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5arrow_forwardThe current sickness-based health system approach compared to preventive approaches for public health Sometimes it feels like this. There I am standing by the shore of a swiftly flowing river and I hear the cry of a drowning man. So I jump into the river, put my arms around him, pull him to shore, and apply artificial respiration. Just when he begins to breathe, there is another cry for help. So I jump into the river, reach him, pull him to shore, apply artificial respiration, and then just as he begins to breathe, another cry for help. So back in the river again, reaching, pulling, applying, breathing, and then another yell. Again and again, without end, goes the sequence. You know, I am so busy jumping in, pulling them to shore, applying artificial respiration, that I have no time to see who the hell is upstream pushing them all in. Describe how the metaphor above relates to public health in 200 wordsarrow_forwardUsing the figure below, provide a reasonable value of hemoglobin saturation (including a unit of measurement) for blood in Jose's left ventricle while he was exercising for one hour. 100 Amount of O2 unloaded in tissue 80 capillaries 60 40 Systemic arterial Systemic venous 20 Po2 Po2 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Po, (mmHg) Hemoglobin saturation (%)arrow_forward
- Select all answers that applyarrow_forwardSelect the hemoglobin variant(s) that are described by each statement. (a) The variant least likely to cause pathological symptoms. (b) The variant(s) likely to show pl values different from that of HbA on an isoelectric focusing gel. (c) The variant most likely to show a decrease in BPG binding and an increase in the overall affinity of the hemoglobin for oxygen. Answer Bank Hb Milwaukee Hb Cowtown Hb Memphis Hb Philly Hb Providence Hb Bibba HbSarrow_forwardHelparrow_forward
- A higher level of hemoglobin in the blood increases the blood’s density. This is the basis for a simple test that can be used to see if a prospective blood donor has a high enough hemoglobin level to donate safely. A drop of blood is placed in a copper sulfate solution, and the time for the drop to sink to the bottom is measured. If this time is too long, the hemoglobin level is toolow. Explain how this test works.arrow_forwardBackground: I have 4 set of results from different patients who have performed a spirometry test with reversibility. This test is used to determine if a patient improves their lung function after being given Ventolin which Is a medication usually prescribed to help Asthma patients. If a patient improves by 12% in either FEV1 or EVC it Is deemed a significant response. Questions I am given: 1. Please can you find the percent predicted change for both FEV1 and FVC between the Pre (Best) to Post value. 2. State if the pattent has a significant response to Ventolin.arrow_forwardDA-LTE Blood is flowing through a bundle of hollow fiber tubes that are each 50 µm in diameter. There are 10,000 tubes in the bundle. The hollow fiber tube length is 12 cm and the pressure drop across each tube is found to be 250 mmHg. The hematocrit of the blood is 0.40. Estimate the blood flow rate for these conditions in each tube.arrow_forward
- Basic Clinical Lab Competencies for Respiratory C...NursingISBN:9781285244662Author:WhitePublisher:CengageCardiopulmonary Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781337794909Author:Des Jardins, Terry.Publisher:Cengage Learning,