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Concept explainers
(a)
The angle of refraction for the sound wave.
(a)
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Answer to Problem 12P
The angle of refraction for sound wave is
Explanation of Solution
Given info: The wavelength of sound wave is
The speed of sound in air at
The expression for the Snell’s law is,
Here,
Rearrange the above formula to find
The formula to calculate speed of sound in water is,
Here,
Substitute
Substitute
Conclusion:
Therefore, the angle of refraction for the sound wave is
(b)
The wavelength of sound in water.
(b)
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Answer to Problem 12P
The wavelength of sound in water is
Explanation of Solution
Given info: The wavelength of sound wave is
The formula to calculate the wavelength is,
Here,
Rearrange the above formula to find
Substitute
Conclusion:
Therefore, the wavelength of sound in water is
(c)
The angle of refraction.
(c)
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Answer to Problem 12P
The angle of refraction is
Explanation of Solution
Given info: The wavelength of sodium yellow light is
The formula to calculate the Snell’s law is,
Here,
Rearrange the above formula to find
Substitute
Conclusion:
Therefore, the angle of refraction is
(d)
The
(d)
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Answer to Problem 12P
The wavelength of light in water is
Explanation of Solution
Given info: The wavelength of sodium yellow light is
The formula to calculate the wavelength is,
Here,
Rearrange the above formula to find
Substitute
Conclusion:
Therefore, the wavelength of light in water is
(e)
The behavior of sound and light waves.
(e)
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Answer to Problem 12P
The behavior of sound and light waves is that the sound waves speeds up when travelling from rarer medium to denser medium and light rays slows down.
Explanation of Solution
Given info: The wavelength of sodium yellow light is
The medium that has low refractive index with respect to another medium is called rarer medium and the medium that has high refractive index with respect to another medium is called denser medium.
From part (b) the wavelength of sound wave in water is larger than the wavelength of sound in air and from part (d) the wavelength of light in water is less than the wavelength of light in air.
The sound waves travelling from rarer to denser medium then the refracted sound waves bend away from the normal that the reason there is an increase in wavelength of sound waves.
The ray of light travelling from rarer to denser medium then the refracted rays bends towards the normal. So that’s the reason there is a decrease in the wavelength of light in water.
Conclusion:
Therefore, The behavior of sound and light waves is that the sound waves speeds up when travelling from rarer medium to denser medium and light rays slows down.
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Chapter 34 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
- Light traveling in a medium of index of refraction n1 is incident on another medium having an index of refraction n2. Under which of the following conditions can total internal reflection occur at the interface of the two media? (a) The indices of refraction have the relation n2 n1. (b) The indices of refraction have the relation n1 n2. (c) Light travels slower in the second medium than in the first. (d) The angle of incidence is less than the critical angle. (e) The angle of incidence must equal the angle of refraction.arrow_forwardLight enters a prism of crown glass and refracts at an angle of 5.00 with respect to the normal at the interface. The crown glass has a mean index of refraction of 1.51. It is combined with one flint glass prism (n = 1.65) to produce no net deviation. a. Find the apex angle of the flint glass. b. Assume the index of refraction for violet light (v = 430 nm) is nv = 1.528 and the index of refraction for red light (r = 768 nm) is nr = 1.511 for crown glass. For flint glass using the same wavelengths, nv = 1.665 and nr = 1.645. Find the net dispersion.arrow_forwardBoth sides of a uniform film that has index of refraction n and thickness d are in contact with air. For normal incidence of light, an intensity minimum is observed in the reflected light at λ2 and an intensity maximum is observed at λ1, where λ1 > λ2. (a) Assuming no intensity minima are observed between λ1 and λ2, find an expression for the integer m in Equations 27.13 and 27.14 in terms of the wavelengths λ1 and λ2. (b) Assuming n = 1.40, λ1 = 500 nm, and λ2 = 370 nm, determine the best estimate for the thickness of the film.arrow_forward
- Two polarizing sheets P1 and P2 are placed together with their transmission axes oriented at an angle to each other. What is when only 25% of the maximum transmitted light intensity passes through them?arrow_forwardA beam of 580-nm light passes through two closely spaced glass plates at close to normal incidence as shown in Figure P27.23. For what minimum nonzero value of the plate separation d is the transmitted light bright?arrow_forwardThe index of refraction for water is about 43. What happens as a beam of light travels from air into water? (a) Its speed increases to 43c, and its frequency decreases. (b) Its speed decreases to 34c, and its wavelength decreases by a factor of 34. (c) Its speed decreases to 34c, and its wavelength increases by a factor of 43. (d) Its speed and frequency remain the same. (e) Its speed decreases to 34c, and its frequency increases.arrow_forward
- A ray of light travelling in glass having a refractive index nglass = 1.5, is incident at an angle 0, on the glass-air interface. If a thin layer of liquid (niquid = 1.33) is poured on the glass air interface, then at what angle would the ray emerge from the liquid -air interface? air (nair) air (Nair) liquid (njiquid) glass (ng) glass (ng) 90.0° 82.5° 48.3° 35.7° 45.6°arrow_forwardO 23.8° A bichromatic source produces light having wavelengths in vacuum of 450 nm and 650 nm. The indices of refraction are 1.440 and 1.420, respectively. In one situation, a ray of the bichromatic light, in air, is incident upon the oil at an angle of incidence of 50.0°. The angle of dispersion between the two refracted rays in the oil is closest to which measure? O0.7° O 0.5° O 0.9° O 1.3° O1.1° nere to searcharrow_forwardA ray of white light traveling through air enters a triangular prism that has an index of refraction of 1.315 for the red end of the spectrum and 1.345 for the violet end and an apex angle of 72°. If the ray has an angle of incidence of 63° with respect to the normal of the interface boundary, what's the angular separation between the red and violet ends of the spectrum within the prism?arrow_forward
- A light beam strikes a piece of glass with an incident angle of 45.00°. The beam contains two colors: 450.0 nm and an unknown wavelength. The index of refraction for the 450.0-nm light is 1.482. Assume the glass is surrounded by air, which has an index of refraction of 1.000. Determine the index of refraction n, for the unknown wavelength if its refraction angle is 0.6950° greater than that of the 450.0 nm light.arrow_forwardImmiscible liquids (ones that do not mix) can be placed on top of each other in a glass. Each layer may have a different refractive index. If we shine a ray down from the air above into the glass on the left at an angle of 3.8 degrees from the vertical, what is the angle of the light when it reaches the bottom of the glass? (Units: degrees) n (air) 1.00 n (lamp oil) 1.51 n (rubbing alcohol) 1.39 n (vegetable oil) 1.45 n (water) 1.33 n (dish soap) 1.35arrow_forwardA ray of light consisting of blue light (wavelength 480 nm) and red light (wavelength 670 nm) is incident on a thick piece of glass at 80°. What is the angular separation between the refracted red and refracted blue beams while they are in the glass? (The respective indices of refraction for the blue light and the red light are 1.4636 and 1.4561.) O 0.27° 0.33° O 0.36° O 0.46° O 0.54°arrow_forward
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