Chapter 31, Problem 31.32P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The stepwise mechanism for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The removal of two substituents from a molecule either in one step or in two steps is called an elimination reaction.

The general steps involved in acid catalyzed reaction are as follows:

• First step is the protonation of alcohol group.

• The second step is the removal of ${\text{OH}}_{\text{2}}$ group.

• The third step is the deprotonation.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The conversion of X into $16,17-$ dehydroprogesterone is to be shown.

Concept introduction: Ring-flipping converts equatorial bonds into axial bonds and axial bonds into equatorial bonds. The reduction of ketone into alcohol can be done by using reagent ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$ in the presence of palladium.