Chapter 31, Problem 31.26P

Locate the isoprene units in each compound.

a. e. g.

neral patchouli alcohol dextropimaric acid

b. f. h.

carvone periplanone B $\text{β}$-amyrin

c.

d.

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The isoprene units in the given compound are to be located.

Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups.

Answer to Problem 31.26P

The isoprene units in the neral are highlighted by blue color as shown below.

Figure 1

Explanation of Solution

The structure of isoprene is,

Figure 2

The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.

The isoprene units in the given compound are highlighted by blue color as shown below.

Figure 1

The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are two isoprene units present in the given compound.

Conclusion

The isoprene units in the neral are shown in Figure 1.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The isoprene units in the given compound are to be located.

Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups.

Answer to Problem 31.26P

The isoprene units in the carvone are highlighted by blue color as shown below.

Figure 3

Explanation of Solution

The structure of isoprene is,

Figure 2

The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.

The isoprene units in the given compound are highlighted by blue color as shown below.

Figure 3

The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are two isoprene units present in the given compound.

Conclusion

The isoprene units in the carvone are shown in Figure 3.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The isoprene units in the given compound are to be located.

Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups.

Answer to Problem 31.26P

The isoprene units in the lycopene are highlighted by blue color as shown below.

Figure 4

Explanation of Solution

The structure of isoprene is,

Figure 2

The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.

The isoprene units in the given compound are are highlighted by blue color as shown below.

Figure 4

The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are eight isoprene units present in the given compound.

Conclusion

The isoprene units in the lycopene are shown in Figure 4.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation: The isoprene units in the given compound are to be located.

Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups.

Answer to Problem 31.26P

The isoprene units in the $\text{β}$-carotene are are highlighted by blue color as shown below.

Figure 5

Explanation of Solution

The structure of isoprene is,

Figure 2

The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.

The isoprene units in the given compound are highlighted by blue color as shown below.

Figure 5

The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are eight isoprene units present in the given compound.

Conclusion

The isoprene units in the $\text{β}$-carotene are shown in Figure 5.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The isoprene units in the given compound are to be located.

Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups.

Answer to Problem 31.26P

The isoprene units in the patchouli alcohol are highlighted by blue color as shown below.

Figure 6

Explanation of Solution

The structure of isoprene is,

Figure 2

The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.

The isoprene units in the given compound are are highlighted by blue color as shown below.

Figure 6

The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are three isoprene units present in the given compound.

Conclusion

The isoprene units in the patchouli alcohol are shown in Figure 6.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation: The isoprene units in the given compound are to be located.

Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups.

Answer to Problem 31.26P

The isoprene units in the periplanone B are highlighted by blue color as shown below.

Figure 7

Explanation of Solution

The structure of isoprene is,

Figure 2

The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.

The isoprene units in the given compound are highlighted by blue color as shown below.

Figure 7

The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are three isoprene units present in the given compound.

Conclusion

The isoprene units in the periplanone B are shown in Figure 7.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation: The isoprene units in the given compound are to be located.

Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups.

Answer to Problem 31.26P

The isoprene units in the dextropimaric acid are highlighted by blue color as shown below.

Figure 8

Explanation of Solution

The structure of isoprene is,

Figure 2

The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.

The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.

Figure 8

The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are four isoprene units present in the given compound.

Conclusion

The isoprene units in the dextropimaric acid are shown in Figure 8.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation: The isoprene units in the given compound are to be located.

Concept introduction: Terpenes are naturally occurring compounds that are present in plants and animals. Terpenes contain one or more isoprene units. Terpenoids are derivatives of terpenes with oxygen containing functional group such as carbonyl groups.

Answer to Problem 31.26P

The isoprene units in the $\text{β}$-amyrin are highlighted by blue color as shown below.

Figure 9

Explanation of Solution

The structure of isoprene is,

Figure 2

The isoprene unit contains four carbon atoms in the long chain and one carbon atom in branch. Isoprene unit in a terpene consists of carbon-carbon sigma or pi bonds.

The isoprene units in the given compound are shown below.

Figure 9

The highlighted bonds represent the isoprene unit. There are four isoprene units present in the given compound.

Conclusion

The isoprene units in the $\text{β}$-amyrin are shown in Figure 9.