Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
To determine the proportionality in mathematical form is to be stated for the given distance, d, that traveled at an average speed “s” is directly proportional to the time (t).
Concept introduction:
The term measurement defines seven fundamental units’ kilogram, meter, candela, ampere, kelvin and mole. The metric system is a decimal system of the measurement based on the units for the length, meter, the mass, the kilogram. It exists in several variations with different choices of the basic units. In common, U.S units are most similar to imperial systems. The distance, traveled by a moving substance with an average speed “s”, is directly proportional to the time, t. In this case, speed is denoted as proportionality constant. It can be measured in feet per second, kilometers per hour or any other mode of distance per unit time.
(b)
Interpretation:
The value and units of the proportionality constant is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
The term measurement has 7 fundamental units like kilogram, meter, candela, ampere, kelvin and mole. The metric system is a decimal system of the measurement based on the units for the length, meter, the mass, the kilogram. It exists in several variations with different choices of the basic units. In common, U.S units are most similar to imperial systems. The distance traveled by a moving substance with an average speed “s”, is directly proportional to the time (t). In this case, speed is denoted as proportionality constant. It can be measured in feet per second, kilometers per hour or any other mode of distance per unit time.
(c)
Interpretation:
Assuming the same average speed as in part (b), the time taken by the automobile to travel a distance of 659 miles is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
The term measurement defines seven fundamental units’ kilogram, meter, candela, ampere, kelvin and mole. The metric system is a decimal system of the measurement based on the units for the length, meter, the mass, the kilogram. It exists in several variations with different choices of the basic units. In common, U.S units are most similar to imperial systems. The distance traveled by a moving substance with an average speed, is directly proportional to the time. In this case, speed is denoted as proportionality constant. It can be measured in feet per second, kilometers per hour or any other mode of distance per unit time.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 3 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach
- In An Attempt To Determine The Velocity Of A Person On A Bicycle, An Observer Uses A Stopwatch And Times The Length Of Time It Takes To Cover 25 "squares" On A Sidewalk. A Measurement Of One Of The Squares Shows It To Be 1.13 Long. The Bicycle Takes 4.82 Seconds To Travel This Far. A measurement of one of the squares shows that it is 1.13 m long. What velocity, in m/s, should the observer report?arrow_forwardNear room temperature, liquid benzene (C,H,) has a density of 0.8765 g cm3. Suppose that 0.2124 L of benzene is measured into a container. Calculate (a) the mass and (b) the chemical amount of benzene in the container. Mass (g Density = Volume (cm') 55arrow_forwardAn astronaut on the moon places a package on a scale and finds its weight to be 19 N. (a) What would the weight of the package be on the earth? N(b) What is the mass of the package on the moon? kg(c) What is the package's mass on earth?arrow_forward
- A group of students took turns using a laboratory balanceto weigh the water contained in a beaker. The results theyreported were 111.42 g, 111.67 g, 111.21 g, 135.64 g,111.02 g, 111.29 g, and 111.42 g.(a) Should any of the data be excluded before the average is calculated?(b) From the remaining measurements, calculate the average value of the mass of the water in the beaker.(c) Calculate the standard deviation s and, from it, the 95% confidence limit.arrow_forwardThe mass of one atom or molecule of a substance is given in atomic mass units, also called Daltons (abbreviated D or Da). Thus one molecule of water has a mass of 18.015 atomic mass units, or 18.015 Daltons. The atomic mass unit is defined such that one mole of water weighs 18.015 g. Suppose a protein has a mass of 64 192 Daltons (or 64.192 kDa). What would be the mass of one mole of this protein? O A. A protein of 64 192 Da has a molar mass of 3.866 x 1028 g/mol. B. A protein of 64 192 Da has a molar mass of 1.0 g/mol. C. A protein of 64 192 Da has a molar mass of 18.015 g/mol. D. A protein of 64 192 Da has a molar mass of 64.192 g/mol. E. This question can't be answered without knowing the number of atoms in the protein. F. A protein of 64 192 Da has a molar mass of 6.4192 x 10-2 g/mol. G. A protein of 64 192 Da has a molar mass of 3.866 x 1025 g/mol. H. A protein of 64 192 Da has a molar mass of 64 192 g/mol.arrow_forwardThe world's oceans have a combined volume of 3.204 x 108 miles3. (b) The Atlantic Ocean has a volume of 3.1 x 108 km3, and the Pacific Ocean has a volume of 6.6 x 108 km3. What percentage of the world's ocean volume is occupied by bodies of water OTHER THAN the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans?arrow_forward
- The following statements pertain to the development of the theory of combustion by the French chemist Lavoisier in the eighteenth century. Match the statement with the appro- priate step (observation, hypothesis, experiment designed to test hypothesis) in the scientific method. (a) A metal is burned in a closed container, and the change in mass of the solid and volume of the gas is measured.(b) Oxygen gas combines with a substance during its combustion.(c) Combustion of a metal in a closed container ceases after a length of time.arrow_forwardCalculate (a) the density of a solid substance if a cube measuring 2.33 cm on one side has amass of 117 g and (b) the mass of a cube of the same substance measuring 7.41 cm on one side.arrow_forwardPrecious metals and gems are measured in Troy weights in the English system. Use the unit relationship given below to perform the requested calculations (A) what is the mass of 1.0 Troy ounces in grams? (B) The density of gold is 19.3g/cm^3. What is the volume of 12.5 carats of gold in mL? (C) a thief steals 531 pennyweights of silver. How many moles is that? (D) A wedding ring contains 2.56 x 10^22 atoms of diamond. How much are the diamonds in the ring worth if a 1-carat diamond costs $7600.0 ?arrow_forward
- (a) A cube of osmium metal 1.500 cm on a side has a mass of76.31 g at 25 °C. What is its density in g/cm3 at this temperature?(b) The density of titanium metal is 4.51g/cm3 at 25 °C.What mass of titanium displaces 125.0 mL of water at 25 °C? (c) The density of benzene at 15 °C is 0.8787 g/mL. Calculatethe mass of 0.1500 L of benzene at this temperature.arrow_forwardThe volume of water used for crop irrigation is measured in acre-feet, where 1 acre-foot is the amount of water needed to cover 1 acre of land to a depth of 1 ft.(a) If there are 640 acres per square mile, how many cubic feet of water are in 1 acre-foot?(b) How many acre-feet are in Lake Erie (total volume = 116 mi3)?arrow_forward(a) How many picometers are there in 1 m? (b) Express6.0 * 103 m using a prefix to replace the power of ten.(c) Use exponential notation to express 4.22 mg in grams.(d) Use decimal notation to express 4.22 mg in grams.arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning