BASIC BIOMECHANICS
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781259913877
Author: Hall
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 3, Problem 7AP
In the nucleus pulposus of an intervertebral disc, the compressive load is 1.5 times the externally applied load. In the annulus fibrosus, the compressive force is 0 5 times the external load. What are the compressive loads on the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus of the L5-S1 intervertebral disc of a 930-N man holding a 445-N weight bar across his shoulders, given that 37% of body weight is distributed above the disc? (Answer: 1183.7 N acts on the nucleus pulposus; 394.5 N acts on the annulus fibrosus.)
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Total compressive knee forces range between
O 1-2 %BW
O 2-4 %BW
3-5 %BW
0.5-1.5 %BW
With the shoulder flexed at 30°, the moment arm of the deltoid muscle is 2.0 cm. Solve
for the force exerted by the deltoid muscle at the glenohumeral joint give the following
assumptions:
The deltoid is the only active muscle at the glenohumeral joint
The weight of the humerus is 48 N.
The center of gravity of the humerus is located 30 cm from the shoulder center of
rotation
STATIC EQUILIBRIUM EQUATIONS
CONSIDERING ONLY THE DELTOID MUSCLE
Fo
MA =
18 Cn
COR
B=55".
0-30°
RaF 30 cm
FG = 24 N
<
The three main forces that act on the patella are shown on
the diagram of the knee joint below. These forces are the
quadriceps muscle force (FQ), the patella ligament force
(FPL), and the patellofemoral joint reaction force (FPF). The
angles a and ẞ are with respect to a line that is
perpendicular to FPF. Assuming a = 15°, ẞ = 20°, and FQ =
3725 N, use equations for static equilibrium to calculate (a)
FPL, and (b) FPF. (Hint: To solve this problem consider using
a coordinate system that is aligned with the principal axes
of the patella instead of the usual vertical and horizontal
axes). (c) Many people assume FQ and FPL are always equal
in magnitude but this is only true under certain
circumstances. Under what conditions are FQ and FPL equal
in magnitude?
Fo
FPF
FP B
GriffithUNIVERSITY
Queensland Australia
Chapter 3 Solutions
BASIC BIOMECHANICS
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