The integration of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) transcription to RNA (Ribonucleic acid) with translation, protein processing, and secretion. Introduction: DNA and RNA are the genetic materials that are present in all of living organisms especially DNA in higher organisms and RNA in lower organisms (virus). Both of these contain three similar nitrogenous bases (Adenine, Guanine, and Cytosine) except one that differs (DNA consists of Thymine while RNA consists of Uracil). Phosphate backbone is possessed by both DNA and RNA. The encoded information present in the DNA is associated with the formation of RNA from its coding strand by the means of transcription. The first initial gene product RNA is obtained when RNA polymerase transcribes RNA from the DNA. The newly formed messenger RNA synthesizes the protein with the help of ribosomes by the process of translation. All the proteins after translation are processed within the Golgi body/Endoplasmic reticulum or cytosol. The prokaryotic cell does not possess any membrane-bound nucleus that keeps the genetic material separate from the cellular environment. Thus, as soon as transcription terminates, translation begins from the newly formed RNA. The formed proteins possess a signal recognition sequence which ensures their appropriate secretion and processing within the same cellular cytoplasm.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 6RQ

Summary Introduction

To review:

The integration of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) transcription to RNA (Ribonucleic acid) with translation, protein processing, and secretion.

Introduction:

DNA and RNA are the genetic materials that are present in all of living organisms especially DNA in higher organisms and RNA in lower organisms (virus). Both of these contain three similar nitrogenous bases (Adenine, Guanine, and Cytosine) except one that differs (DNA consists of Thymine while RNA consists of Uracil). Phosphate backbone is possessed by both DNA and RNA.

The encoded information present in the DNA is associated with the formation of RNA from its coding strand by the means of transcription. The first initial gene product RNA is obtained when RNA polymerase transcribes RNA from the DNA. The newly formed messenger RNA synthesizes the protein with the help of ribosomes by the process of translation. All the proteins after translation are processed within the Golgi body/Endoplasmic reticulum or cytosol.

The prokaryotic cell does not possess any membrane-bound nucleus that keeps the genetic material separate from the cellular environment. Thus, as soon as transcription terminates, translation begins from the newly formed RNA. The formed proteins possess a signal recognition sequence which ensures their appropriate secretion and processing within the same cellular cytoplasm.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

If using animals in medical experiments could save human lives, is it ethical to do so? In your answer, apply at least one ethical theory in support of your position.

You aim to test the hypothesis that the Tbx4 and Tbx5 genes inhibit each other's expression during limb development. With access to chicken embryos and viruses capable of overexpressing Tbx4 and Tbx5, describe an experiment to investigate whether these genes suppress each other's expression in the limb buds. What results would you expect if they do repress each other? What results would you expect if they do not repress each other?

You decide to delete Fgf4 and Fgf8 specifically in the limb bud. Explain why you would not knock out these genes in the entire embryo instead.