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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The systematic name for each isomer has to be given.
Concept introduction:
The many of organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix, suffix and root word.
The bond-line structure the carbon atoms and the hydrogen atoms which are attached to that carbon atom are not to show, rather the bonds in between carbon atoms and to the hetero atoms are drawn as line segments. For acyclic, linear carbon chains it draws as in a zig-zag fashion and for cyclic chains of carbon it draws as a cyclic polygon. For representing a heteroatom attached to the carbon, use a line segment and label the heteroatom at the end of their line segment.
Prefix: Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.
Suffix: Denotes the presence of
Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.
Nomenclature of organic molecules: The particular functional group connected into a primary carbon atom, while secondary and tertiary groups in (C2 and C3) place of carbon atoms it is called primary, secondary and tertiary structures.
(b)
Interpretation:
The common name for each isomer has to be given.
Concept introduction:
The many of organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix, suffix and root word.
The bond-line structure the carbon atoms and the hydrogen atoms which are attached to that carbon atom are not to show, rather the bonds in between carbon atoms and to the hetero atoms are drawn as line segments. For acyclic, linear carbon chains it draws as in a zig-zag fashion and for cyclic chains of carbon it draws as a cyclic polygon. For representing a heteroatom attached to the carbon, use a line segment and label the heteroatom at the end of their line segment.
Prefix: Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.
Suffix: Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc. For example alkynes molecules, suffix will be ‘yne’.
Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.
Nomenclature of organic molecules: The particular functional group connected into a primary carbon atom, while secondary and tertiary groups in (C2 and C3) place of carbon atoms it is called primary, secondary and tertiary structures.
(c)
Interpretation:
The number of primary
Concept introduction:
The many of organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix, suffix and root word.
The bond-line structure the carbon atoms and the hydrogen atoms which are attached to that carbon atom are not to show, rather the bonds in between carbon atoms and to the hetero atoms are drawn as line segments. For acyclic, linear carbon chains it draws as in a zig-zag fashion and for cyclic chains of carbon it draws as a cyclic polygon. For representing a heteroatom attached to the carbon, use a line segment and label the heteroatom at the end of their line segment.
Prefix: Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.
Suffix: Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc. For example alkynes molecules, suffix will be ‘yne’.
Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.
Nomenclature of organic molecules: The particular functional group connected into a primary carbon atom, while secondary and tertiary groups in (C2 and C3) place of carbon atoms it is called primary, secondary and tertiary structures.
(d)
Interpretation:
The number of secondary alkyl halide has to be given.
Concept introduction:
The many of organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix, suffix and root word.
The bond-line structure the carbon atoms and the hydrogen atoms which are attached to that carbon atom are not to show, rather the bonds in between carbon atoms and to the hetero atoms are drawn as line segments. For acyclic, linear carbon chains it draws as in a zig-zag fashion and for cyclic chains of carbon it draws as a cyclic polygon. For representing a heteroatom attached to the carbon, use a line segment and label the heteroatom at the end of their line segment.
Prefix: Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.
Suffix: Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc. For example alkynes molecules, suffix will be ‘yne’.
Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.
Nomenclature of organic molecules: The particular functional group connected into a primary carbon atom, while secondary and tertiary groups in (C2 and C3) place of carbon atoms it is called primary, secondary and tertiary structures.
(e)
Interpretation:
The number of tertiary alkyl halide has to be given.
Concept introduction:
The many of organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix, suffix and root word.
The bond-line structure the carbon atoms and the hydrogen atoms which are attached to that carbon atom are not to show, rather the bonds in between carbon atoms and to the hetero atoms are drawn as line segments. For acyclic, linear carbon chains it draws as in a zig-zag fashion and for cyclic chains of carbon it draws as a cyclic polygon. For representing a heteroatom attached to the carbon, use a line segment and label the heteroatom at the end of their line segment.
Prefix: Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.
Suffix: Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc. For example alkynes molecules, suffix will be ‘yne’.
Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.
Nomenclature of organic molecules: The particular functional group connected into a primary carbon atom, while secondary and tertiary groups in (C2 and C3) place of carbon atoms it is called primary, secondary and tertiary structures.
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Essential Organic Chemistry (3rd Edition)
- Which alkyl halide has the highest boiling point? A. CH3BrB. CH3FC. CH3ClD. CH3larrow_forward1. What functional group is produced when an aldehyde reacts with H2/Pt? A.secondary alcohol B. carboxylic acid C.hemiacetal D. primary alcohol E.alkane F.tertiary alcohol G. alkene 2. What reaction occurs when an aldehyde reacts with H2/Pt to form a primary alcohol? A. Hydration B. Hydration C. Dehydration D. Oxidation E. Reduction( hydrogentation) 3. What reaction occurs when an Ester react with H+/H2O to from a carboxylic acid and alcohol? A. Dehydration B. Reduction ( Hydrogenation) C.Hydrolysis D. Hydration E.oxidationarrow_forwardName each alkyne. a. CH=C-CH-CH3 CH3 b. CH3-C=C-CH-CH-CH,-CH, CH3 CH3 c. CHEC-C-CH,-CH3 CH2 ČH, CH3 d. CH;-C=C-CH-C-CH, CH2 CH3 ČH3arrow_forward
- 2. Classify the following as primary, secondary or tertiary alcohol a. CH,CH,CH,CH; OH ОН с. b. CH,CH HO CH,CH,arrow_forward62. Catenation is a property of the carbon atom which describes its ability to A. bond with other carbon atoms B. form double and triple bonds C. exist in molecules in plant and animal form D. form bonds in its ground state E. share valence electrons with non-polar species 63. The transformation of methane to carbon tetrachloride is an example of A. an electrophilic addition B. a free-radical substitution C. a nucleophilic addition D. an electrophilic substitution E. a unimolecular substitution reaction 64. In the addition of HX (where X is a halogen) to a double bond, the hydrogen atom goes to the carbon that already has more hydrogens. This general observation is given and summarized by A. Hund's rule B. Markovnikov's rule C. Huckel's rule D. Zaitsev's rule E. Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rule 65. Which of the following statements about the carbonyl group of ketones and aldehydes is (are) true? 1. It can attract nucleophiles. II. It can attract electrophiles. III. It tends to undergo addition…arrow_forwardC5H10O has both aldehyde and ketone isomers. Draw and name all isomers that are aldehydes, and then circle the correct number of isomers available. a. aldehydes b.3 aldehydes c. 4 aldehydes d. 5 aldehydesarrow_forward
- This functional group is known as a(n) Select one: a. carboxyl b. hydroxyl c. ester. d. acetal e. carbonylarrow_forward4> 39. This aldehyde is useful for its vanilla flavoring hence the trivial name, vanillin. A. B. 40. This important steroid hormone controls the development of male sex characteristics. Cortisone B. Testosterone C Progesterone D. Both B and C 41. The delighted odor of melted butter is attributed to this four-carbon dione. What could be the IUPAC NAME of this ketone? A. Butanone B. Pentanedione C Hexanone D. Butanedione 7arrow_forwardWhich is an example of an ether?A. CH3OH B. CH3CH2CH2Cl C. CH3CH2COOCH3 D. CH3CH2OCH2CH3arrow_forward
- C. Draw a structural formula for the principal organic product formed when each compound is treated with K2CrzOr/H2SO4 if there is no reaction, say so. 1. butanal 2. benzaldehyde 3. cyclohexanone 4. cyclohexanol 5. 2-pentanonearrow_forward1. Which of the following alkyl halides is a primary alkyl halide? a) CI b) Br c) Br .CI d)arrow_forward29. Which of these generic structures denotes an alcohol? E. I F. RCOH G. I RCR A. R-CI B. R-OH C. R-O-R' D. R-NH-R' RCH 30. Which of the generic structures denotes a carboxylic acid? E. I RCH F. I RCOH G. RCR A. R-CI B. R-OH C. R-O-R' D. R-NH-R' 31. Which of these generic structures denotes an aldehyde? E. RCH F. I RCOH A. R-CI B. R-OH C. R-O-R' D. R-NH-R' RCR G.arrow_forward
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