Each reaction has to be balanced and completed, and the suitable solvent among the given solvents is to be selected for each reaction. Concept introduction: Protic solvents form hydrogen bonds. They contain a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, whereas aprotic solvents do not form hydrogen bonds. Protic solvents donate protons to reagents and aprotic solvents cannot donate hydrogen. The strength of an acid is generally described in terms of acidity constant ( K a ) and p K a values. A large value of K a indicates that the acid is strong and a small value of K a indicates a weak acid. The value of p K a of a reagent can be mathematical defined as: p K a = − log( K a ) , The higher is the dissolution constant, that is, the reagent can produce more ions when dissolved in water, the stronger is the acid. Thus, by the above relation, strong acids have low p K a . The stronger the acid, the weaker is its conjugate base. Larger the value of p K a of the conjugate base, the stronger is the acid.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 42P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Each reaction has to be balanced and completed, and the suitable solvent among the given solvents is to be selected for each reaction.

Concept introduction:

Protic solvents form hydrogen bonds. They contain a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, whereas aprotic solvents do not form hydrogen bonds.

Protic solvents donate protons to reagents and aprotic solvents cannot donate hydrogen.

The strength of an acid is generally described in terms of acidity constant (Ka) and pKa values.

A large value of Ka indicates that the acid is strong and a small value of Ka indicates a weak acid.

The value of pK_a of a reagent can be mathematical defined as:

pKa= −log(Ka) ,

The higher is the dissolution constant, that is, the reagent can produce more ions when dissolved in water, the stronger is the acid. Thus, by the above relation, strong acids have low pK_a.

The stronger the acid, the weaker is its conjugate base.

Larger the value of pK_a of the conjugate base, the stronger is the acid.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Interpreting NMR spectra is a skill that often requires some amount of practice, which, in turn, necessitates access to a collection of NMR spectra. Beyond Labz Organic Synthesis and Organic Qualitative Analysis have spectral libraries containing over 700 1H NMR spectra. In this assignment, you will take advantage of this by first predicting the NMR spectra for two closely related compounds and then checking your predictions by looking up the actual spectra in the spectra library. After completing this assignment, you may wish to select other compounds for additional practice. 1. Write the IUPAC names for the following two structures: Question 2 Question 3 2. Predict the NMR spectra for each of these two compounds by listing, in the NMR tables below, the chemical shift, the splitting, and the number of hydrogens associated with each predicted peak. Sort the peaks from largest chemical shift to lowest. **Not all slots must be filled**

11:14 ... worksheets.beyondlabz.com 3. To check your predictions, click this link for Interpreting NMR Spectra 1. You will see a list of all the - compounds in the spectra library in alphabetical order by IUPAC name. Hovering over a name in the list will show the structure on the chalkboard. The four buttons on the top of the Spectra tab in the tray are used to select the different spectroscopic techniques for the selected compound. Make sure the NMR button has been selected. 4. Scroll through the list of names to find the names for the two compounds you have been given and click on the name to display the NMR spectrum for each. In the NMR tables below, list the chemical shift, the splitting, and the number of hydrogens associated with each peak for each compound. Compare your answers to your predictions. **Not all slots must be filled** Peak Chemical Shift (d) Multiplicity 1 2 3 4 5

О δα HO- H -Br δα HO-- + + -Br [B] 8+ HO- -Br δα न