Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134396026
Author: Frederic H. Martini, Judi L. Nath, Edwin F. Bartholomew
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 22RQ
The sodium-potassium exchange pump (a) is an example of facilitated diffusion, (b) does not require the input of cellular energy in the form of ATP, (c) moves the sodium and potassium ions along their concentration gradients, (d) is composed of a carrier protein located in the plasma membrane, (e) is not necessary for the maintenance of homeostasis.
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The distinctive properties of facilitated diffusion are:
(a) Increase the speed of diffusion of substances
(b) Transport of substances towards increasing concentration
Additional energy consumption for transport
(c)
Transfer of substance involving carriers
(d)
Integration flux of substance and ion transport
(e)
Diffusion is important in body fluids because this process tends to:(a) increase local concentration gradients. (b) eliminate local concentration gradients. (c) move substances against their concentration gradients. (d) create concentration gradients.
All of the following are passive membrane transport processes except: (a) diffusion. (b) facilitated diffusion. (c) vesicular transport. (d) osmosis.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 3 - List the general functions of the plasma membrane.Ch. 3 - Identify the components of the plasma membrane...Ch. 3 - Which component of the plasma membrane is...Ch. 3 - Which type of integral protein allows water, ions,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5CPCh. 3 - What are the major differences between cytosol and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7CPCh. 3 - Prob. 8CPCh. 3 - Explain why certain cells in the ovaries and...Ch. 3 - What does the presence of many mitochondria imply...
Ch. 3 - Describe the contents and structure of the...Ch. 3 - What is a gene?Ch. 3 - Define gene activation.Ch. 3 - Describe transcription and translation.Ch. 3 - What process would be affected by the lack of the...Ch. 3 - What is meant by the term selectively permeable...Ch. 3 - Define diffusion.Ch. 3 - List five factors that influence the diffusion of...Ch. 3 - How would a decrease in the concentration of...Ch. 3 - Define osmosis.Ch. 3 - Some pediatricians recommend using a 10 percent...Ch. 3 - Describe the process of carrier-mediated...Ch. 3 - The concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the...Ch. 3 - Describe endocytosis.Ch. 3 - Describe exocytosis.Ch. 3 - What is the process called whereby certain types...Ch. 3 - What is the membrane potential of a cell, and in...Ch. 3 - If the plasma membrane of a cell were freely...Ch. 3 - Give the biological terms for (a) cellular...Ch. 3 - What enzymes must be present for DNA replication...Ch. 3 - Describe interphase, and identify its stages.Ch. 3 - A cell is actively manufacturing enough organelles...Ch. 3 - Define mitosis, and list its four stages.Ch. 3 - What would happen if spindle fibers failed to form...Ch. 3 - Define growth factor, and identify several growth...Ch. 3 - An illness characterized by mutations that disrupt...Ch. 3 - Define metastasis.Ch. 3 - Define cellular differentiation.Ch. 3 - Prob. 1RQCh. 3 - The process that transports solid objects such as...Ch. 3 - Plasma membranes are said to be (a) impermeable,...Ch. 3 - _____ ion concentration is high in extracellular...Ch. 3 - At resting membrane potential, the cytoplasmic...Ch. 3 - The organelle responsible for a variety of...Ch. 3 - The synthesis of a functional polypeptide using...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8RQCh. 3 - The movement of water across a membrane from an...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10RQCh. 3 - List the four basic concepts that make up the cell...Ch. 3 - What are four general functions of the plasma...Ch. 3 - What are the primary functions of membrane...Ch. 3 - By what three major transport mechanisms do...Ch. 3 - List five important factors that influence...Ch. 3 - What are the four major functions of the...Ch. 3 - Diffusion is important in body fluids, because it...Ch. 3 - Microvilli are found (a) mostly in muscle cells,...Ch. 3 - When a cell is placed in a(n) _____ solution, the...Ch. 3 - Suppose that a DNA segment has the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 21RQCh. 3 - The sodium-potassium exchange pump (a) is an...Ch. 3 - If a cell lacked ribosomes, it would not be able...Ch. 3 - List, in sequence, the phases of the interphase...Ch. 3 - List the stages of mitosis, and briefly describe...Ch. 3 - (a) What is cytokinesis? (b) What is the role of...Ch. 3 - The transport of a certain molecule exhibits the...Ch. 3 - Solutions A and B are separated by a selectively...Ch. 3 - A molecule that blocks the ion channels lining...Ch. 3 - What is the benefit of having some of the cellular...Ch. 3 - List the general functions of the plasma membrane.Ch. 3 - Identify the components of the plasma membrane...
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- In cotransport (indirect active transport) (a) a uniporter moves a solute across a membrane against its concentration gradient (b) the movement of one solute down its concentration gradient provides energy for transport ofsome other solute up its concentration gradient (c) a channel protein moves ions by facilitated diffusion (d) osmosis powers the movement of ions against their concentration gradient (e) sodium is directly transported in one direction, and potassium is indirectly transported in the same directionarrow_forwardAs molecular weight increases.a). the rate of diffusion remain unchanged.b). the rate of diffusion decreases.c). the rate of diffusion increases.d). the rate of diffusion stops.arrow_forwardWhich of the following processes requires the cell to expend metabolic energy directly (e.g., from ATP)? (a) osmosis (b) facilitated diffusion (c) all forms of carrier-mediated transport (d) active transport (e) simple diffusionarrow_forward
- The trans epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) is a characteristic property of an epithelium. Which of the following statements best describes the TEER? a.) A high trans epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) is an indicator of a leaky epithelium in which paracellular diffusion of solute is likely to be high b.) A high trans epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) is an indicator of a tight attachment between the epithelium and the basement membrane in which diffusion of solute across the basolateral surface is likely to be low c.) A high trans epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) is an indicator of a tight epithelium in which paracellular diffusion of solute is likely to be lowarrow_forwardBeginning with protein synthesis in membrane-bound ribosomes, hepatocytes secrete proteins into the circulation via which of the following mechanisms? (A) Active transport through the cell membrane (B) Diffusion through the cell membrane (C) Transport by microtubules and exocytosis (D) Transport in vesicles and exocytosis (E) Transport through pores in the cell membranearrow_forwardWhich statements are consistent with the fluid-mosaic model of membranes? (a) All membrane proteins are bound to the interior of the membrane. (b) Both proteins and lipids undergo transverse (flip-flop) diffusion from the inside to the outside of the membrane. (c) Some proteins and lipids undergo lateral diffusion along the inner or outer surface of the membrane. (d) Carbohydrates are covalently bonded to the outside of the membrane. (e) The term mosaic refers to the arrangement of the lipids alone.arrow_forward
- In terms of their effect on the rate of diffusion, which of the following is the odd one out? a) decreasing the surface area of the membrane b) decreasing membrane permeability c) decreasing lipid solubility of the diffusing molecule d) decreasing the concentration gradient of the diffusing molecule e) decreasing the thickness of the membranearrow_forwardWhat do facilitated diffusion, primary active transport and secondary active transport have in common? a) their ability to transport molecules depends on a membrane protein b) they utilize energy in the form of ATP to move molecules c) they move small, lipophilic molecules across the membrane d) they can move molecules against a concentration gradientarrow_forwardFactors that affect the rate of diffusion through a membrane include all of the following EXCEPT: a)membrane surface area. b) molecular weight. c) availability of energy. d) steepness of concentration gradient.arrow_forward
- A dehydrated runner drinks a lot of water after a race. His cells become rehydrated after drinking water because (a) The bloodstream is hypotonic compared to the contents of the digestive tract. (b) The contents of the digestive tract are hypotonic to the bloodstream. (c) The contents of the bloodstream and digestive tract are isotonic to each other. (d) Water will diffuse from a low concentration to a high concentration. (e) The contents of the digestive tract are hypertonic to the bloodstream. Explain your answerarrow_forwardGlucose transport across cell membranes varies depending upon blood glucose levels. When glucose levels are high, glucose transport is accomplished via membrane transporters. When glucose concentrations are low, the transport of glucose across the membrane is dependent upon the sodium ion concentration. What types of transport is observed for glucose? A)simple diffusion at high [glucose], secondary active transport at low [glucose] B)facilitated diffusion at high [glucose], secondary active transport at low [glucose] C)simple diffusion at high [glucose], primary active transport at low [glucose] D)facilitated diffusion at high [glucose], primary active transport at low [glucose]arrow_forwardWhich of the following arrangement based on the increasing order of motion is correct?a) Uncatalysed transverse motion, transverse diffusion catalyzed by flippase, uncatalysed lateral diffusionb) Uncatalysed lateral diffusion, uncatalysed transverse motion, transverse diffusion catalyzed by flippase,c) Uncatalysed transverse motion, uncatalysed lateral diffusion, transverse diffusion catalyzed by flippased) Transverse diffusion catalyzed by flippase, uncatalysed lateral diffusion, uncatalysed transverse motion,arrow_forward
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The Cell Membrane; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsffT7XIXbA;License: Standard youtube license