The carbon–oxygen bond lengths and the equal negative charge on oxygens of an acetate ion are to be explained by drawing resonance structures. Concept introduction: Resonance is the phenomenon of describing delocalized electrons in certain molecular ions through various forms or resonance structures and the forms contributing to the hybrid form. The positions of electrons are different, without effecting the positions of the nuclei. The effect of delocalization is caused by resonance, where the negative charge is distributed among the oxygen atoms in a carboxylate ion. The rules for drawing resonance structures are as follows: Only nonbonding electron pairs and pi electrons can participate in conjugation in the formation of various resonating structures. The single bonds present in the molecule do not break or form in the resonance structures. The placement of atoms present in the molecule remains fixed. The octet of all atoms is completely filled.

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Chapter 3, Problem 13PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The carbon–oxygen bond lengths and the equal negative charge on oxygens of an acetate ion are to be explained by drawing resonance structures.

Concept introduction:

Resonance is the phenomenon of describing delocalized electrons in certain molecular ions through various forms or resonance structures and the forms contributing to the hybrid form.

The positions of electrons are different, without effecting the positions of the nuclei.

The effect of delocalization is caused by resonance, where the negative charge is distributed among the oxygen atoms in a carboxylate ion.

The rules for drawing resonance structures are as follows:

Only nonbonding electron pairs and pi electrons can participate in conjugation in the formation of various resonating structures.

The single bonds present in the molecule do not break or form in the resonance structures.

The placement of atoms present in the molecule remains fixed.

The octet of all atoms is completely filled.

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