EBK MICROBIOLOGY:W/DISEASES BY BODY...-
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134608242
Author: BAUMAN
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 11MC
A Gram-negative cell is moving uric acid across the cytoplasmic membrane against its chemical gradient. Which of the following statements is true?
- a. The exterior of the cell is probably electrically negative compared to the interior of the cell.
- b. The acid probably moves by a passive means such as facilitated diffusion.
- c. The acid moves by an active process such as active transport.
- d. The movement of the acid requires phagocytosis.
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a. Define diffusion. Is diffusion a passive or an active process? Explain how solute moves in this way.
b. Use your knowledge of diffusion to explain what happened over time when you observed a crystal of methylene blue dropped into a beaker of water. Be sure to use equilibrium in your explanation.
c. Explain your observations over time after a drop of methylene blue and a drop of potassium permanganate were placed in the agar. What factors affect the rate of diffusion?
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Which process—diffusion, osmosis, or filtration—is utilized in the following situations? a. Injection of a drug that is hypertonic to the tissues stimulates pain. b. The urea concentration in the dialyzing fluid of an artificial kidney is decreased.
Statement 1: The direction of diffusion of a solute across a membrane is determined by its
concentration gradient and always moves toward equilibrium.
Statement 2: In passive transport, solutes move down the gradient from a region of low
concentration to a region of high concentration.
A
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
C) Statement 1 is true. Statement 2 is false.
Statement 1 is false. Statement 2 is true.
Chapter 3 Solutions
EBK MICROBIOLOGY:W/DISEASES BY BODY...-
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1TMWCh. 3 - In 1985, an Israeli scientist discovered the...Ch. 3 - Why is a pilus a type of fimbria, but a flagellum...Ch. 3 - Why is the microbe illustrated in Figure 3.2 more...Ch. 3 - The Big Game College sophomore Nadia is a star...Ch. 3 - When the bacterium Escherichia coli is grown in a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6TMWCh. 3 - Why do scientists consider bacterial and archaeal...Ch. 3 - Why did scientists in the 19th and early 20th...Ch. 3 - Why do some scientists consider archaea, which are...
Ch. 3 - Why are eukaryotic glycocalyces covalently bound...Ch. 3 - Many antimicrobial drugs target bacterial cell...Ch. 3 - Colchicine is a drug that inhibits microtubule...Ch. 3 - A cell may allow a large or charged chemical to...Ch. 3 - Which of the following statements concerning...Ch. 3 - A 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules is seen in...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is most associated with...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is not associated with...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is true of Svedbergs? a....Ch. 3 - Which of the following statements is true? a. The...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8MCCh. 3 - Bacterial flagella are ______________. a. anchored...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10MCCh. 3 - A Gram-negative cell is moving uric acid across...Ch. 3 - Gram-positive bacteria _______________. a. have a...Ch. 3 - Endospores ________________. a. are reproductive...Ch. 3 - Prob. 14MCCh. 3 - Dipicolinic acid is an important component of...Ch. 3 - Match the structures on the left with the...Ch. 3 - Match the term on the left with its description on...Ch. 3 - Label the structures of the following prokaryotic...Ch. 3 - Label each type of flagellar arrangement.Ch. 3 - A scientist who is studying passive movement of...Ch. 3 - Describe (or draw) an example of diffusion down a...Ch. 3 - Sketch, name, and describe three flagellar...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3SACh. 3 - The term fluid mosaic has been used in describing...Ch. 3 - A local newspaper writer has contacted you, an...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6SACh. 3 - Compare bacterial cells and algal cells, giving at...Ch. 3 - Contrast a cell of Streptococcus pyogenes (a...Ch. 3 - Differentiate among pili, fimbriae, and cilia,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10SACh. 3 - Prob. 11SACh. 3 - Prob. 12SACh. 3 - What is the function of glycocalyces and fimbriae...Ch. 3 - Prob. 14SACh. 3 - Compare and contrast three types of passive...Ch. 3 - Prob. 16SACh. 3 - Prob. 17SACh. 3 - Prob. 18SACh. 3 - Prob. 1CTCh. 3 - Methylene blue binds to DNA. What structures in a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3CTCh. 3 - Prob. 4CTCh. 3 - A researcher carefully inserts an electrode into...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6CTCh. 3 - An electron micrograph of a newly discovered cell...Ch. 3 - An entry in a recent scientific journal reports...Ch. 3 - Prob. 9CTCh. 3 - Prob. 10CTCh. 3 - Prob. 11CTCh. 3 - Prob. 12CTCh. 3 - Prob. 13CTCh. 3 - Prob. 14CTCh. 3 - Using the following terms, fill in the following...
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- Which of the following techniques can be applied to fractionate intracellular compartments? a. Subcellular fractionation & density gradient equilibrium centrifugation b. Density gradient equilibrium centrifugation & ion exchange chromatography c. Subcellular fractionation, density gradient equilibrium centrifugation & ion exchange chromatography d. Subcellular fractionation & ion exchange chromatographyarrow_forwardUsing the principles of osmosis, explain why movement of Na + through a plasma membrane is followed by movement of water. Use this concept to explain the rationale on which oral rehydration therapy is based.arrow_forward1.) Select/highlight the statements that are TRUE regarding simple diffusion. a) It is a form of passive transport. b) It is how glucose travels across the cell membrane C) It is used to transport larger molecules such as polysaccharides. d) It is the method used to transport small, nonpolar molecules. 2.) What is the name of the process occurring in the diagram below and additionally, what is the name given to the condition/outcome/state created on the right side of the diagram below?arrow_forward
- Which of these statements about facilitated diffusion is true?a. In facilitated diffusion, net movement is down the concentrationgradient.b. Facilitated diffusion requires the expenditure of energy.c. Facilitated diffusion does not require a carrier protein.d. Facilitated diffusion moves materials through ion pumps.e. Facilitated diffusion moves materials in vesicles.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is correct about passive diffusion? Select one: A) It is a process in which molecules move from a region of lower concentration to one of higher concentration (or up a concentration gradient). B) It is a process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration (or down a concentration gradient). C) It requires an expenditure of energy by the cell. D) It may require a transport protein. E) It involves movement of molecules down a concentration gradient and may require a transport protein.arrow_forwardThe cell membrane surrounds some smaller molecules in solution and takes them into the cell. This is an example of: Select one: a. pinocytosis. b. facilitated transport. c. phagocytosis. d. diffusion.arrow_forward
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