The given skeletal structure of amoxicillin needs to be completed. Concept Introduction: Single bond has all sigma bonds; double bond has 1 sigma and 1 pi bond and triple bond has 2 sigma and 1 pi bond. The lone pair of electrons are those electrons which do not take part in bonding. Generally, carbon has zero lone pair, oxygen has 2 lone pairs, sulfur has 2 lone pairs and nitrogen has 1 lone pair of electrons.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 111P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The given skeletal structure of amoxicillin needs to be completed.

Concept Introduction: Single bond has all sigma bonds; double bond has 1 sigma and 1 pi bond and triple bond has 2 sigma and 1 pi bond. The lone pair of electrons are those electrons which do not take part in bonding. Generally, carbon has zero lone pair, oxygen has 2 lone pairs, sulfur has 2 lone pairs and nitrogen has 1 lone pair of electrons.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The hybridization and geometry of each central atom in the given structure needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Hybridization is defined as mixing of orbital. The geometry of a central atom depends on its hybridization. The shape will be different from geometry if there are lone pair of electrons present on the central atom.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The bond angles associated with each central atom needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: The bond angles of central atom can be determined from its hybridization and geometry.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The most polar bond in amoxicillin needs to be detremined.

Concept Introduction: A bond is said to be polar if there is electronegativity difference between the atoms.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The amoxicilllin needs to be classified as a polar or non-polar molecule.

Concept Introduction: If there are polar bonds present in a molecule then it is considered as a polar molecule.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Whether amoxicillin expected to possess resonance or not needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: Resonance is possessed by a molecule if there is possibility of delocalization of electrons. This can be positive if there is intercation between alternate lone pairs and pi bonds present in a molecule.

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1. Calculate the accurate monoisotopic mass (using all 1H, 12C, 14N, 160 and 35CI) for your product using the table in your lab manual. Don't include the Cl, since you should only have [M+H]*. Compare this to the value you see on the LC-MS printout. How much different are they? 2. There are four isotopic peaks for the [M+H]* ion at m/z 240, 241, 242 and 243. For one point of extra credit, explain what each of these is and why they are present. 3. There is a fragment ion at m/z 184. For one point of extra credit, identify this fragment and confirm by calculating the accurate monoisotopic mass. 4. The UV spectrum is also at the bottom of your printout. For one point of extra credit, look up the UV spectrum of bupropion on Google Images and compare to your spectrum. Do they match? Cite your source. 5. For most of you, there will be a second chromatographic peak whose m/z is 74 (to a round number). For one point of extra credit, see if you can identify this molecule as well and confirm by…

Please draw, not just describe!

can you draw each step on a piece of a paper please this is very confusing to me

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 111P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The given skeletal structure of amoxicillin needs to be completed.

Concept Introduction: Single bond has all sigma bonds; double bond has 1 sigma and 1 pi bond and triple bond has 2 sigma and 1 pi bond. The lone pair of electrons are those electrons which do not take part in bonding. Generally, carbon has zero lone pair, oxygen has 2 lone pairs, sulfur has 2 lone pairs and nitrogen has 1 lone pair of electrons.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The hybridization and geometry of each central atom in the given structure needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Hybridization is defined as mixing of orbital. The geometry of a central atom depends on its hybridization. The shape will be different from geometry if there are lone pair of electrons present on the central atom.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The bond angles associated with each central atom needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: The bond angles of central atom can be determined from its hybridization and geometry.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The most polar bond in amoxicillin needs to be detremined.

Concept Introduction: A bond is said to be polar if there is electronegativity difference between the atoms.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The amoxicilllin needs to be classified as a polar or non-polar molecule.

Concept Introduction: If there are polar bonds present in a molecule then it is considered as a polar molecule.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Whether amoxicillin expected to possess resonance or not needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: Resonance is possessed by a molecule if there is possibility of delocalization of electrons. This can be positive if there is intercation between alternate lone pairs and pi bonds present in a molecule.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 111P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The given skeletal structure of amoxicillin needs to be completed.

Concept Introduction: Single bond has all sigma bonds; double bond has 1 sigma and 1 pi bond and triple bond has 2 sigma and 1 pi bond. The lone pair of electrons are those electrons which do not take part in bonding. Generally, carbon has zero lone pair, oxygen has 2 lone pairs, sulfur has 2 lone pairs and nitrogen has 1 lone pair of electrons.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The hybridization and geometry of each central atom in the given structure needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Hybridization is defined as mixing of orbital. The geometry of a central atom depends on its hybridization. The shape will be different from geometry if there are lone pair of electrons present on the central atom.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The bond angles associated with each central atom needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: The bond angles of central atom can be determined from its hybridization and geometry.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The most polar bond in amoxicillin needs to be detremined.

Concept Introduction: A bond is said to be polar if there is electronegativity difference between the atoms.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The amoxicilllin needs to be classified as a polar or non-polar molecule.

Concept Introduction: If there are polar bonds present in a molecule then it is considered as a polar molecule.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Whether amoxicillin expected to possess resonance or not needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: Resonance is possessed by a molecule if there is possibility of delocalization of electrons. This can be positive if there is intercation between alternate lone pairs and pi bonds present in a molecule.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 111P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The given skeletal structure of amoxicillin needs to be completed.

Concept Introduction: Single bond has all sigma bonds; double bond has 1 sigma and 1 pi bond and triple bond has 2 sigma and 1 pi bond. The lone pair of electrons are those electrons which do not take part in bonding. Generally, carbon has zero lone pair, oxygen has 2 lone pairs, sulfur has 2 lone pairs and nitrogen has 1 lone pair of electrons.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The hybridization and geometry of each central atom in the given structure needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Hybridization is defined as mixing of orbital. The geometry of a central atom depends on its hybridization. The shape will be different from geometry if there are lone pair of electrons present on the central atom.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The bond angles associated with each central atom needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: The bond angles of central atom can be determined from its hybridization and geometry.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The most polar bond in amoxicillin needs to be detremined.

Concept Introduction: A bond is said to be polar if there is electronegativity difference between the atoms.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The amoxicilllin needs to be classified as a polar or non-polar molecule.

Concept Introduction: If there are polar bonds present in a molecule then it is considered as a polar molecule.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Whether amoxicillin expected to possess resonance or not needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: Resonance is possessed by a molecule if there is possibility of delocalization of electrons. This can be positive if there is intercation between alternate lone pairs and pi bonds present in a molecule.

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Answer 5

Chapter 3, Problem 111P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The given skeletal structure of amoxicillin needs to be completed.

Concept Introduction: Single bond has all sigma bonds; double bond has 1 sigma and 1 pi bond and triple bond has 2 sigma and 1 pi bond. The lone pair of electrons are those electrons which do not take part in bonding. Generally, carbon has zero lone pair, oxygen has 2 lone pairs, sulfur has 2 lone pairs and nitrogen has 1 lone pair of electrons.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The hybridization and geometry of each central atom in the given structure needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Hybridization is defined as mixing of orbital. The geometry of a central atom depends on its hybridization. The shape will be different from geometry if there are lone pair of electrons present on the central atom.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The bond angles associated with each central atom needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: The bond angles of central atom can be determined from its hybridization and geometry.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The most polar bond in amoxicillin needs to be detremined.

Concept Introduction: A bond is said to be polar if there is electronegativity difference between the atoms.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The amoxicilllin needs to be classified as a polar or non-polar molecule.

Concept Introduction: If there are polar bonds present in a molecule then it is considered as a polar molecule.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Whether amoxicillin expected to possess resonance or not needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: Resonance is possessed by a molecule if there is possibility of delocalization of electrons. This can be positive if there is intercation between alternate lone pairs and pi bonds present in a molecule.

Answer 6

Chapter 3, Problem 111P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The given skeletal structure of amoxicillin needs to be completed.

Concept Introduction: Single bond has all sigma bonds; double bond has 1 sigma and 1 pi bond and triple bond has 2 sigma and 1 pi bond. The lone pair of electrons are those electrons which do not take part in bonding. Generally, carbon has zero lone pair, oxygen has 2 lone pairs, sulfur has 2 lone pairs and nitrogen has 1 lone pair of electrons.

Answer 7

Chapter 3, Problem 111P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The given skeletal structure of amoxicillin needs to be completed.

Concept Introduction: Single bond has all sigma bonds; double bond has 1 sigma and 1 pi bond and triple bond has 2 sigma and 1 pi bond. The lone pair of electrons are those electrons which do not take part in bonding. Generally, carbon has zero lone pair, oxygen has 2 lone pairs, sulfur has 2 lone pairs and nitrogen has 1 lone pair of electrons.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The hybridization and geometry of each central atom in the given structure needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Hybridization is defined as mixing of orbital. The geometry of a central atom depends on its hybridization. The shape will be different from geometry if there are lone pair of electrons present on the central atom.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The hybridization and geometry of each central atom in the given structure needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Hybridization is defined as mixing of orbital. The geometry of a central atom depends on its hybridization. The shape will be different from geometry if there are lone pair of electrons present on the central atom.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The bond angles associated with each central atom needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: The bond angles of central atom can be determined from its hybridization and geometry.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The bond angles associated with each central atom needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: The bond angles of central atom can be determined from its hybridization and geometry.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The most polar bond in amoxicillin needs to be detremined.

Concept Introduction: A bond is said to be polar if there is electronegativity difference between the atoms.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The most polar bond in amoxicillin needs to be detremined.

Concept Introduction: A bond is said to be polar if there is electronegativity difference between the atoms.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The amoxicilllin needs to be classified as a polar or non-polar molecule.

Concept Introduction: If there are polar bonds present in a molecule then it is considered as a polar molecule.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The amoxicilllin needs to be classified as a polar or non-polar molecule.

Concept Introduction: If there are polar bonds present in a molecule then it is considered as a polar molecule.

Answer 16

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Whether amoxicillin expected to possess resonance or not needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: Resonance is possessed by a molecule if there is possibility of delocalization of electrons. This can be positive if there is intercation between alternate lone pairs and pi bonds present in a molecule.

Answer 17

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Whether amoxicillin expected to possess resonance or not needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: Resonance is possessed by a molecule if there is possibility of delocalization of electrons. This can be positive if there is intercation between alternate lone pairs and pi bonds present in a molecule.

Answer 18

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Answer 19

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 20

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Answer 21

Ch. 3.1 - Problem 3-1 Show how the following chemical...Ch. 3.3 - Problem 3-2 Judging from their relative positions...Ch. 3.4 - Problem 3-3 Write the formulas for the ionic...Ch. 3.5 - Problem 3-4 Name these binary ionic compounds: (a)...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 3.5QC Ch. 3.5 - Problem 3-6 Give each binary compound a systematic...Ch. 3.5 - Problem 3-7 Name these ionic compounds, each of...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 3.8QC Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 3.9QC Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 3.10QC

Solution Summary: The author explains that the skeletal structure of amoxicillin needs to be completed. The geometry of a central atom depends on its hybridization.

Concept explainers

Videos

Interpretation:The bond angles associated with each central atom needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: The bond angles of central atom can be determined from its hybridization and geometry.

Interpretation:The most polar bond in amoxicillin needs to be detremined.

Concept Introduction: A bond is said to be polar if there is electronegativity difference between the atoms.

Interpretation:The amoxicilllin needs to be classified as a polar or non-polar molecule.

Concept Introduction: If there are polar bonds present in a molecule then it is considered as a polar molecule.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 3 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains that the skeletal structure of amoxicillin needs to be completed. The geometry of a central atom depends on its hybridization.

Concept explainers

Videos

Interpretation:The bond angles associated with each central atom needs to be determined. Concept Introduction: The bond angles of central atom can be determined from its hybridization and geometry.

Interpretation:The most polar bond in amoxicillin needs to be detremined. Concept Introduction: A bond is said to be polar if there is electronegativity difference between the atoms.

Interpretation:The amoxicilllin needs to be classified as a polar or non-polar molecule. Concept Introduction: If there are polar bonds present in a molecule then it is considered as a polar molecule.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 3 Solutions

Interpretation:The bond angles associated with each central atom needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: The bond angles of central atom can be determined from its hybridization and geometry.

Interpretation:The most polar bond in amoxicillin needs to be detremined.

Concept Introduction: A bond is said to be polar if there is electronegativity difference between the atoms.

Interpretation:The amoxicilllin needs to be classified as a polar or non-polar molecule.

Concept Introduction: If there are polar bonds present in a molecule then it is considered as a polar molecule.