Organic Chemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305080485
Author: John E. McMurry
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 28.SE, Problem 22AP
Human and horse insulin both have two polypeptide chains, with one chain containing 21 amino acids and the other containing 30 amino acids. They differ in primary structure at two places. At position 9 in one chain, human insulin has Ser and horse insulin has Gly; at position 30 in the other chain, human insulin has Thr and horse insulin has Ala. How must the DNA for the two insulins differ?
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5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the
product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15%
glycerin by weight.
If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate;
e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt).
f. Moles of CO2 evolved.
g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed.
h. Conversion efficiency.
i. Per cent excess of excess reactant.
Reactions:
Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6
Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3
Show work. don't give Ai generated solution. How many carbons and hydrogens are in the structure?
13. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the
molecule depicted below.
Bond B
2°C. +2°C. cleavage
Bond A
•CH3 + 26.← Cleavage
2°C. +
Bond C
+3°C•
CH3 2C
Cleavage
E
2°C. 26.
weakest bond
Intact molecule
Strongest 3°C 20.
Gund
Largest
argest
a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in
appropriate boxes.
C
Weakest
bond
A
Produces
Most
Bond
Strongest
Bond
Strongest Gund
produces least stable
radicals
Weakest
Stable radical
b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A,
B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B,
and C are all carbon radicals.
i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
13°C. formed in
bound C
cleavage
ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
• CH3
methyl radical
Formed in Gund A Cleavage
c.…
Chapter 28 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 28.1 - Draw the full structure of the DNA dinucleotide...Ch. 28.1 - Draw the full structure of the RNA dinucleotide...Ch. 28.2 - What sequence of bases on one strand of DNA is...Ch. 28.4 - Show how uracil can form strong hydrogen bonds to...Ch. 28.4 - What RNA base sequence is complementary to the...Ch. 28.4 - From what DNA base sequence was the following RNA...Ch. 28.5 - List codon sequences for the following amino...Ch. 28.5 - List anticodon sequences on the tRNAs carrying the...Ch. 28.5 - What amino acid sequence is coded by the following...Ch. 28.5 - What is the base sequence in the original DNA...
Ch. 28.7 - Prob. 11PCh. 28.7 - Prob. 12PCh. 28.SE - Identify the following bases, and tell whether...Ch. 28.SE - Identify the following nucleotide, and tell how it...Ch. 28.SE - Amine bases in nucleic acids can react with...Ch. 28.SE - The final step in DNA synthesis is deprotection by...Ch. 28.SE - The final step in the metabolic degradation of...Ch. 28.SE - One of the steps in the biosynthesis of a...Ch. 28.SE - One of the steps in the metabolic degradation of...Ch. 28.SE - One of the steps in the biosynthesis of uridine...Ch. 28.SE - Human brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a small...Ch. 28.SE - Human and horse insulin both have two polypeptide...Ch. 28.SE - The DNA of sea urchins contains about 32% A. What...Ch. 28.SE - The codon UAA stops protein synthesis. Why does...Ch. 28.SE - Which of the following base sequences would most...Ch. 28.SE - For what amino acids do the following...Ch. 28.SE - Prob. 27APCh. 28.SE - Prob. 28APCh. 28.SE - Draw the complete structure of the ribonucleotide...Ch. 28.SE - Draw the complete structure of the...Ch. 28.SE - Give an mRNA sequence that will code for the...Ch. 28.SE - Give an mRNA sequence that will code for the...Ch. 28.SE - What amino acid sequence is coded for by the...Ch. 28.SE - What amino acid sequence is coded for by the...Ch. 28.SE - Prob. 35APCh. 28.SE - Show the steps involved in a laboratory synthesis...Ch. 28.SE - Draw the structure of cyclic adenosine...Ch. 28.SE - Prob. 38AP
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- Hi!! Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required. Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!arrow_forwardHi!! Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required. Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!arrow_forward. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the molecule depicted below. Bond B 2°C. +2°C. < cleavage Bond A • CH3 + 26. t cleavage 2°C• +3°C• Bond C Cleavage CH3 ZC '2°C. 26. E Strongest 3°C. 2C. Gund Largest BDE weakest bond In that molecule a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in appropriate boxes. Weakest C bond Produces A Weakest Bond Most Strongest Bond Stable radical Strongest Gund produces least stable radicals b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A, B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B, and C are all carbon radicals. i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. 人 8°C. formed in bound C cleavage ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. methyl radical •CH3 formed in bund A Cleavagearrow_forward
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