EBK ESSENTIALS OF BIOLOGY
EBK ESSENTIALS OF BIOLOGY
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780100237209
Author: Mader
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 28, Problem S5.4BYB
Summary Introduction

To explain: The steps in the ATP cycle.

Introduction:

Adenosine triphosphate is the nucleotide that contains the adenine (N2 base), ribose sugar, and 3 molecules of phosphate linked with the phosphodiester bond. ATP is the energy source, which is present in all living forms of lives. ATP cycle is the process of the formation of ATP by phosphorylating the ADP (addition of phosphate molecule to the ADP molecule) or by the removal of one phosphate molecule from the ATP to form the ADP molecule.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Explanation of Solution

ATP cycle involves the following steps:

Step 1- Phosphorylation – The process of making ATP from ADP and Pi by the help of certain coenzymes like Fo,F1, and ATPase. This process is occurred in the inner mitochondrial matrix. The energy from food is taken as glucose molecule and through the process of glycolysis, 2 molecules of ATP is produced.

Step. 2 - Dephosphorylation – it is the process of removing the phosphate from ATP to form the ADP and Pi in the presence of an enzyme called ATP synthetase. In this step, energy is released for the cellular activity for example, protein synthesis, muscle contraction, nerve conduction and so on.

Conclusion

ATP cycle involves two steps that are phoshorylation in which the ATP is formed by the addition of phosphate to ADP and other step is dephosphorylation which is the removal of phosphate molecule from ATP to from the ADP and Pi.

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