Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781285869759
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 28, Problem 28.16P
Interpretation Introduction
(a)
Interpretation:
Calculate the number of ATP molecules produced in skeletal muscle from each molecule of glucose undergoing glycolysis alone.
Concept Introduction:
The following process occurs during complete
- Glycolysis
- Link reaction
- Kreb’s cycle
- Electron transport system
Interpretation Introduction
(b)
Interpretation:
Calculate the number of ATP molecules produced in skeletal muscle from each molecule of pyruvate converting to acetyl CoA.
Concept Introduction:
The link reaction between glycolysis and citric acid cycle is conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA.
Interpretation Introduction
(c)
Interpretation:
Calculate the number of ATP molecules produced in skeletal muscle during complete oxidation of glucose to carbon dioxide and water.
Concept Introduction:
The following process occurs during complete metabolic pathway of glucose.
- Glycolysis
- Link reaction
- Kreb’s cycle
- Electron transport system
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Give an account of the total ATP yield when I molecule of glucose is converted to carbon dioxide and water?
The average adult consumes approximately 11,700 kJ per day. Assuming that the metabolic pathways leading to ATP synthesis operate at 50% thermodynamic efficiency, about 5850 kJ ends up in the form of synthesized ATP.
The average adult consumes approximately 11,700 kJ per day. Assuming that the metabolic pathways leading to ATP synthesis operate at 50% thermodynamic efficiency, about 5850 kJ ends up in the form of synthesized ATP.
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Chapter 28 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Ch. 28.7 - Prob. 28.1PCh. 28 - What are the products of lipase-catalyzed...Ch. 28 - What is the main use of amino acids in the body?Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.4PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.5PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.6PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.7PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.8PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.9PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.10P
Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.11PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.12PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.13PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.14PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.15PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.16PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.17PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.18PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.19PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.20PCh. 28 - Two enzymes participating in ß-oxidation have the...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.22PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.23PCh. 28 - Is the ß -oxidation of fatty acid (without the...Ch. 28 - Calculate the number of ATP molecules obtained in...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.26PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.27PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.28PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.29PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.30PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.31PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.32PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.33PCh. 28 - Ammonia, NH3, and ammonium ion, NH+4are both...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.35PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.36PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.37PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.38PCh. 28 - 28-39 The metabolism of the carbon skeleton of...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.40PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.41PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.42PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.43PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.44PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.45PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.46PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.47PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.48PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.49PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.50PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.51PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.52PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.53PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.54PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.55PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.56PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.57PCh. 28 - Write the products of the transamination reaction...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.59PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.60PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.61PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.62PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.63PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.64PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.65PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.66PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.67PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.68PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.69PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.70PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.71PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.72PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.73PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.74PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.75PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.76PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.77PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.78PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.79PCh. 28 - Many soft drinks contain citric acid to add...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.81PCh. 28 - One occasionally hears diet advice that proteins...Ch. 28 - Prob. 28.83PCh. 28 - Prob. 28.84P
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Write a generalized chemical equation, containing acronyms, for the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP.arrow_forwardWhich of the following substances can be considered as metabolic intermediates? Water ATP Pyruvic acid Glucosearrow_forwardBelow is the overall net equation for the complete oxidation of pyruvate. Calculate the number of ATP molecules that can be produced from the complete oxidation of 6 molecules of pyruvate. Pyruvate + 4NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 2H₂O → 3CO2 + 4NADH + 4H+ + FADH2 + GTP (Given: The oxidation of one NADH yields 2.5 ATP; the oxidation of one FADH2 yields 1.5 ATP; and one GDP yields 1 ATP.) O 75 ATP O 60 ATP O 12.5 ATP O 32 ATParrow_forward
- What key metabolic intermediate is formed from the catabolism of all three major classes of foods: carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins?arrow_forwardTrypanosomes living in the bloodstream obtain all their free energy from glycolysis. They take up glucose from the host’s blood and excrete pyruvate as a waste product. In this part of their life cycle, trypanosomes do not carry out any oxidative phosphorylation, but they do use another oxygen-dependent pathway, which is absent in mammals, to oxidize NADH. Would this pathway be necessary if the trypanosome excreted lactate rather than pyruvate? Explain.arrow_forwardAnaerobic glycolysis (i.e., lactic acid fermentation) produces pyruvate that is then converted to lactate through the activity of lactate dehydrogenase. The conversion of pyruvate to lactate would seem to be an unnecessary step, since this process does not result in any further release of energy. Explain the necessity for the production of lactate as the endpoint for anaerobic glycolysis.arrow_forward
- Determine the number of ATP molecules that can be formed from the complete oxidation of 10 molecules of acetyl CoA. The overall net equation for the complete oxidation of acetyl CoA is provided below. Acetyl CoA + 3NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 2H₂O → 2CO2 + HS-CoA + 3NADH + 3H+ + FADH2 + GTP (Given: The oxidation of one NADH yields 2.5 ATP; the oxidation of one FADH2 yields 1.5 ATP; and one GDP yields 1 ATP.) O 10 ATP O 7,5 ATP O 100 ATP O 75 ATParrow_forwardHow many electron carrier molecules (both NADH and FADH₂) are made per glucose put in to glycolysis? How many electron carrier molecules (both NADH and FADH₂) are made per pyruvate put in to the Krebs Cycle? How many electron carrier molecules (both NADH and FADH₂) are made by the Krebs Cycle per glucose consumed by the organism? How many electron carrier molecules in total (both NADH and FADH₂) have been made from a single glucose after both glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle? How many electrons are being carried from glucose at this point (Hint: 2 per molecule)?arrow_forwardShort answer questions. You must show work indicating production or consumption of molecules such as ATP or NADH in the various pathways involved in these questions. Consider that a molecule of alanine can be converted to pyruvate by an oxidation reaction that produces one NADH. If the liver is to make a molecule of glucose from alanine, how many molecules of alanine are required? How many ATP equivalents are required?arrow_forward
- The following reaction constitutes the first step in the citric acid cycle. List all the reactants in this reaction? H₂O COO™ C=O || CH3-C-CoA Acetyl COA CH₂ COO™ Oxaloacetate HS-COA Citrate synthase O Citrate and HS-COA COO™ I CH₂ HO-C-COO CH₂ COO™ Citrate Water, Acetyl CoA, and HS-CoA O Oxaloacetate and Acetyl CoA Oxaloacetate, Acetyl CoA, and HS-COA O Oxaloacetate, Acetyl CoA, and Waterarrow_forwardDuring the overall process of glycolysis, in which of the following occurs for each glucose molecule processed. net loss of two ATP molecules net loss of four ATP molecules net gain of two ATP molecules net gain of four ATP moleculesarrow_forwardPlease do both.arrow_forward
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