Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
The structural representation of sugar molecule in cyclic form is known as Haworth projection. A compound in which the hydroxyl group of first and sixth carbon atom is on the same side is known as
(b)
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
The structural representation of sugar molecule in cyclic form is known as Haworth projection. A compound in which the hydroxyl group of first and sixth carbon atom is on the same side is known as
(c)
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
The structural representation of sugar molecule in cyclic form is known as Haworth projection. A compound in which the hydroxyl group of first and sixth carbon atom is on the same side is known as
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Organic Chemistry
- a. How many stereogenic centers are present in α-D-galactose? b. Label the hemiacetal carbon in α-D-galactose. c. Draw the structure of β-D-galactose. d. Draw the structure of the polyhydroxy aldehyde that cyclizes to α- and β-D-galactose.arrow_forwardDraw Haworth projection formulas for the a-anomer of monosaccharides with each of the following Fischer projection formulas. a. CHO HOH H- HO- H -ОН -Η OH CH₂OH b. CHO H -OH H -ОН HO H CH₂OHarrow_forwardAnswer the following questions about monosaccharide B.a. Draw the β anomer of B in a Haworth projection.b. Draw the α anomer of B in a three-dimensional representation using a chair conformation.c. What products are formed when B undergoes the Kiliani–Fischer synthesis?d. What product is formed when B is treated with NaBH4 in CH3OH?e. Draw the disaccharide formed when two molecules of B are joined by a 1→4-β-glycosidic linkage.arrow_forward
- Draw the products formed when B-D-galactose is treated with each reagent. a. Ag,0 + CH3I b. NaH + CgHsCH2CI c. The product in (b), then H30* d. Ac20 + pyridine e. CeHsCOCI + pyridine f. The product in (c), then CgHsCOCI + pyridinearrow_forwardВ. 1. Draw the Fischer, Haworth & chair (where applicable) representations of the given monosaccharides. Sugar Fischer Haworth Chair a CHO но H- H но OH ČH2OH D-idose (а-anomer) CH2OH FOH H- ČH2OH a ketopentose (B-anomer) b.arrow_forwardDraw the product formed when each monosaccharide is oxidized with Benedict’s reagent.arrow_forward
- a) Draw Haworth projections of both - and -anomers of D-fructose. Indicate which carbon is the anomeric carbon.b) Sucrose is a disaccharide made up of a molecule of D-fructose and D-glucose. Draw the structure of sucrose clearly indicating the linkage between the two monosaccharides and its biological significance.c) Tollen’s reagent is a very mild oxidizing agent which normally oxidize aldehydes but not ketones. However, both glucose and fructose give positive results with Tollen’s reagent and are classified as reducing sugars. Explain how fructose can also give positive results with Tollen’s reagent (illustrate using structures).arrow_forwardWhat products are obtained from the reduction of a. d-idose? b. d-sorbose?arrow_forward(a) Convert each cyclic monosaccharide into a Fischer projection of its acyclic form. (b) Name each monosaccharide. (c) Label the anomer as a or ß.arrow_forward
- For D-arabinose:a. Draw its enantiomer.b. Draw an epimer at C3.c. Draw a diastereomer that is not an epimer.d. Draw a constitutional isomer that still contains a carbonyl group.arrow_forwardFor D-lyxose i. Draw an epimer at C3. ii. Draw a diastereomer that is not an epimer. iii. Draw the anomers of -D-lyxofuranose and -D-lyxopyranose. iv. Draw the product as Haworth projection when reacted with methanol catalysed by acid.arrow_forwardConvert each aldohexose to the indicated anomer using a Haworth projection.arrow_forward
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning