Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780073398174
Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 2.8, Problem 15P
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Ch. 2.8 - What is total energy? Identify the different forms...Ch. 2.8 - List the forms of energy that contribute to the...Ch. 2.8 - How are heat, internal energy, and thermal energy...Ch. 2.8 - What is mechanical energy? How does it differ from...Ch. 2.8 - Natural gas, which is mostly methane CH4, is a...Ch. 2.8 - Portable electric heaters are commonly used to...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 7PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 8PCh. 2.8 - 2–9E Calculate the total potential energy, in Btu,...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 11PCh. 2.8 - At a certain location, wind is blowing steadily at...Ch. 2.8 - A water jet that leaves a nozzle at 60 m/s at a...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 14PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 15PCh. 2.8 - Consider a river flowing toward a lake at an...Ch. 2.8 - When is the energy crossing the boundaries of a...Ch. 2.8 - Consider an automobile traveling at a constant...Ch. 2.8 - A gas in a pistoncylinder device is compressed,...Ch. 2.8 - A room is heated by an iron that is left plugged...Ch. 2.8 - A room is heated as a result of solar radiation...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 23PCh. 2.8 - A small electrical motor produces 5 W of...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 25PCh. 2.8 - 2–26C Lifting a weight to a height of 20 m takes...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 27PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 28PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 29PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 30PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 31PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 32PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 33PCh. 2.8 - A ski lift has a one-way length of 1 km and a...Ch. 2.8 - The engine of a 1500-kg automobile has a power...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 36PCh. 2.8 - What are the different mechanisms for transferring...Ch. 2.8 - On a hot summer day, a student turns his fan on...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 39PCh. 2.8 - A vertical pistoncylinder device contains water...Ch. 2.8 - At winter design conditions, a house is projected...Ch. 2.8 - A water pump increases the water pressure from 15...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 43PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 44PCh. 2.8 - A university campus has 200 classrooms and 400...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 46PCh. 2.8 - Consider a room that is initially at the outdoor...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 48PCh. 2.8 - 2-49 The 60-W fan of a central heating system is...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 50PCh. 2.8 - An escalator in a shopping center is designed to...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 52PCh. 2.8 - How is the combined pumpmotor efficiency of a pump...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 54PCh. 2.8 - Can the combined turbinegenerator efficiency be...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a 2.4-kW hooded electric open burner in...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 57PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 58PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 59PCh. 2.8 - A geothermal pump is used to pump brine whose...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 62PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 63PCh. 2.8 - The water in a large lake is to be used to...Ch. 2.8 - A 7-hp (shaft) pump is used to raise water to an...Ch. 2.8 - At a certain location, wind is blowing steadily at...Ch. 2.8 - Reconsider Prob. 265. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 2.8 - Water is pumped from a lake to a storage tank 15 m...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 69PCh. 2.8 - A hydraulic turbine has 85 m of elevation...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 71PCh. 2.8 - Water is pumped from a lower reservoir to a higher...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 73PCh. 2.8 - An oil pump is drawing 44 kW of electric power...Ch. 2.8 - How does energy conversion affect the environment?...Ch. 2.8 - What is acid rain? Why is it called a rain? How do...Ch. 2.8 - Why is carbon monoxide a dangerous air pollutant?...Ch. 2.8 - What is the greenhouse effect? How does the excess...Ch. 2.8 - What is smog? What does it consist of? How does...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 80PCh. 2.8 - Consider a household that uses 14,000 kWh of...Ch. 2.8 - When a hydrocarbon fuel is burned, almost all of...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 83PCh. 2.8 - A typical car driven 20,000 km a year emits to the...Ch. 2.8 - What are the mechanisms of heat transfer?Ch. 2.8 - Which is a better heat conductor, diamond or...Ch. 2.8 - How does forced convection differ from natural...Ch. 2.8 - What is a blackbody? How do real bodies differ...Ch. 2.8 - Define emissivity and absorptivity. What is...Ch. 2.8 - Does any of the energy of the sun reach the earth...Ch. 2.8 - The inner and outer surfaces of a 5-m 6-m brick...Ch. 2.8 - The inner and outer surfaces of a 0.5-cm-thick 2-m...Ch. 2.8 - Reconsider Prob. 292. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 94PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 95PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 96PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 97PCh. 2.8 - For heat transfer purposes, a standing man can be...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 99PCh. 2.8 - Prob. 100PCh. 2.8 - A 1000-W iron is left on the ironing board with...Ch. 2.8 - A 7-cm-external-diameter, 18-m-long hot-water pipe...Ch. 2.8 - A thin metal plate is insulated on the back and...Ch. 2.8 - Reconsider Prob. 2103. Using appropriate software,...Ch. 2.8 - The outer surface of a spacecraft in space has an...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 106PCh. 2.8 - A hollow spherical iron container whose outer...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a vertical elevator whose cabin has a...Ch. 2.8 - Consider a homeowner who is replacing his...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 110RPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 111RPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 112RPCh. 2.8 - 2–113 The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 114RPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 115RPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 116RPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 117RPCh. 2.8 - Consider a TV set that consumes 120 W of electric...Ch. 2.8 - Water is pumped from a 200-ft-deep well into a...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 120RPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 121RPCh. 2.8 - In a hydroelectric power plant, 65 m3/s of water...Ch. 2.8 - The demand for electric power is usually much...Ch. 2.8 - The pump of a water distribution system is powered...Ch. 2.8 - On a hot summer day, the air in a well-sealed room...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 126FEPCh. 2.8 - A 2-kW electric resistance heater in a room is...Ch. 2.8 - A 900-kg car cruising at a constant speed of 60...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 129FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 130FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 131FEPCh. 2.8 - A 2-kW pump is used to pump kerosene ( = 0.820...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 133FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 134FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 135FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 136FEPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 137FEPCh. 2.8 - Heat is transferred steadily through a...Ch. 2.8 - The roof of an electrically heated house is 7 m...
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- Please answer with the sketches.arrow_forwardThe beam is made of elastic perfectly plastic material. Determine the shape factor for the cross section of the beam (Figure Q3). [Take σy = 250 MPa, yNA = 110.94 mm, I = 78.08 x 106 mm²] y 25 mm 75 mm I 25 mm 200 mm 25 mm 125 Figure Q3arrow_forwardA beam of the cross section shown in Figure Q3 is made of a steel that is assumed to be elastic- perfectectly plastic material with E = 200 GPa and σy = 240 MPa. Determine: i. The shape factor of the cross section ii. The bending moment at which the plastic zones at the top and bottom of the bar are 30 mm thick. 15 mm 30 mm 15 mm 30 mm 30 mm 30 mmarrow_forward
- A torque of magnitude T = 12 kNm is applied to the end of a tank containing compressed air under a pressure of 8 MPa (Figure Q1). The tank has a 180 mm inner diameter and a 12 mm wall thickness. As a result of several tensile tests, it has been found that tensile yeild strength is σy = 250 MPa for thr grade of steel used. Determine the factor of safety with respect to yeild, using: (a) The maximum shearing stress theory (b) The maximum distortion energy theory T Figure Q1arrow_forwardAn external pressure of 12 MPa is applied to a closed-end thick cylinder of internal diameter 150 mm and external diameter 300 mm. If the maximum hoop stress on the inner surface of the cylinder is limited to 30 MPa: (a) What maximum internal pressure can be applied to the cylinder? (b) Sketch the variation of hoop and radial stresses across the cylinder wall. (c) What will be the change in the outside diameter when the above pressure is applied? [Take E = 207 GPa and v = 0.29]arrow_forwardso A 4 I need a detailed drawing with explanation し i need drawing in solution motion is as follows; 1- Dwell 45°. Plot the displacement diagram for a cam with flat follower of width 14 mm. The required 2- Rising 60 mm in 90° with Simple Harmonic Motion. 3- Dwell 90°. 4- Falling 60 mm for 90° with Simple Harmonic Motion. 5- Dwell 45°. cam is 50 mm. Then design the cam profile to give the above displacement diagram if the minimum circle diameter of the か ---2-125 750 x2.01 98Parrow_forward
- Figure below shows a link mechanism in which the link OA rotates uniformly in an anticlockwise direction at 10 rad/s. the lengths of the various links are OA=75 mm, OB-150 mm, BC=150 mm, CD-300 mm. Determine for the position shown, the sliding velocity of D. A 45 B Space Diagram o NTS (Not-to-Scale) C Darrow_forwardI need a detailed drawing with explanation so Solle 4 يكا Pax Pu + 96** motion is as follows; 1- Dwell 45°. Plot the displacement diagram for a cam with flat follower of width 14 mm. The required 2- Rising 60 mm in 90° with Simple Harmonic Motion. 3- Dwell 90°. 4- Falling 60 mm for 90° with Simple Harmonic Motion. 5- Dwell 45°. cam is 50 mm. Then design the cam profile to give the above displacement diagram if the minimum circle diameter of the 55 ---20125 750 X 2.01 1989arrow_forwardAshaft fitted with a flywheel rotates at 300 rpm. and drives a machine. The torque required to drive the machine varies in a cyclic manner over a period of 2 revolutions. The torque drops from 20,000 Nm to 10,000 Nm uniformly during 90 degrees and remains constant for the following 180 degrees. It then rises uniformly to 35,000 Nm during the next 225 degrees and after that it drops to 20,000 in a uniform manner for 225 degrees, the cycle being repeated thereafter. Determine the power required to drive the machine and percentage fluctuation in speed, if the driving torque applied to the shaft is constant and the mass of the flywheel is 12 tonnes with radius of gyration of 500 mm. What is the maximum angular acceleration of the flywheel. 35,000 TNM 20,000 10,000 0 90 270 495 Crank angle 8 degrees 720arrow_forward
- chanism shown in figure below, the crank OA rotates at 60 RPM counterclockwise. The velocity diagram is also drawn to scale (take dimensions from space diagram). Knowing that QCD is rigid plate, determine: a. Linear acceleration of slider at B, b. Angular acceleration of the links AC, plate CQD, and BD. D Space Diagram Scale 1:10 A ES a o,p,g b Velocity Diagram Scale 50 mm/(m/s) darrow_forwardA thick closed cylinder, 100 mm inner diameter and 200 mm outer diameter is subjected to an internal pressure of 230 MPa and outer pressure of 70 MPa. Modulus of elasticity, E=200 GPa. and Poisson's ratio is 0.3, determine: i) The maximum hoop stress ii) The maximum shear stress iii) The new dimension of the outer diameter due to these inner and outer pressures.arrow_forwardA ә レ shaft fitted with a flywheel rotates at 300 rpm. and drives a machine. The torque required to drive the machine varies in a cyclic manner over a period of 2 revolutions. The torque drops from 20,000 Nm to 10,000 Nm uniformly during 90 degrees and remains constant for the following 180 degrees. It then rises uniformly to 35,000 Nm during the next 225 degrees and after that it drops to 20,000 in a uniform manner for 225 degrees, the cycle being repeated thereafter. Determine the power required to drive the machine and percentage fluctuation in speed, if the driving torque applied to the shaft is constant and the mass of the flywheel is 12 tonnes with radius of gyration of 500 mm. What is the maximum angular acceleration of the flywheel. 35,000 TNm 20,000 10,000 495 Crank angle 8 degrees 270 0 90 か ---20125 750 X 2.01 44 720 sarrow_forward
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