Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 27, Problem 15TYU
Evaluate and Synthesize
15. INTERPRET DATA According to the cladogram in Figure 27-5, which plants evolved first: nonvascular
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Assignment #1:
Build a phylogenetic tree (showing all the steps) based on the morphological characters exhibited
(and listed) below. Indicate the synapomorphies, symplesiomorphies, homoplasy, and
autapomorphies (if any):
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTER
1. Flower (color: black or white)
2. Leaf margin (unlobed or lobed)
3. Pollen colpi (monosulcate or tricolpate)
4. Roots (less than 1 mm thick or tuberous)
5. petals (number: 3 or 5)
6. Phyllotaxy (alternate or opposite)
7. Perianth parts (separate or fused)
8. Stems (glabrous or pubescent)
A
B
C
E
H
PLESIOMORPHIC
APOMORPHIC
1887-
Characters
taka
2
3 4 5
ما
า 8
1001
Out
0
A
B
0
0
0
D A
0
C
0
V
01
00
D
0
0
00
0
0
0
0
F
OUTGROUP
*88*1
Ο
0
о
G
0
0
H
A
0
0
1
0
Please explain all options
Chapter 27 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 27.1 - Discuss some environmental challenges of living on...Ch. 27.1 - Name the green algal group from which plants are...Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 27.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 27.1 - Prob. 3CCh. 27.1 - Prob. 4CCh. 27.2 - Summarize the features that distinguish bryophytes...Ch. 27.2 - Name and briefly describe the three phyla of...Ch. 27.2 - Describe the life cycle of mosses and compare...Ch. 27.2 - Prob. 1C
Ch. 27.2 - How are mosses, liverworts, and hornworts similar?...Ch. 27.3 - Discuss the features that distinguish seedless...Ch. 27.3 - Name and briefly describe the two phyla of...Ch. 27.3 - Describe the life cycle of ferns and compare their...Ch. 27.3 - Compare the generalized life cycles of homosporous...Ch. 27.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 27.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 27.3 - Which of the following are parts of the sporophyte...Ch. 27.3 - Why are whisk ferns and horsetails now classified...Ch. 27.3 - How does heterospory modify the plant life cycle?Ch. 27 - Plants probably descended from a group of green...Ch. 27 - Which of the following is not a characteristic of...Ch. 27 - In plant life cycles, (a) the first products of...Ch. 27 - The bryophytes (a) include mosses, liverworts, and...Ch. 27 - The waxy layer that covers aerial parts of plants...Ch. 27 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 27 - Know and Comprehend 8. The green,...Ch. 27 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 27 - Know and Comprehend 10. These plants have...Ch. 27 - Know and Comprehend 11. These plants have hollow,...Ch. 27 - Know and Comprehend 12. Which of the following...Ch. 27 - Apply and Analyze 13. VISUALIZE Draw a simple...Ch. 27 - Evaluate and Synthesize 14. EVOLUTION LINK How may...Ch. 27 - Evaluate and Synthesize 15. INTERPRET DATA...Ch. 27 - Evaluate and Synthesize 16. EVOLUTION LINK Where...
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- Evaluate and Synthesize 16. EVOLUTION LINK Where would you position the rhyniophytes on Figure 27-13? Would the line for rhyniophytes extend to the tips of the rest of the cladogram? Why or why not?arrow_forwardDescribe a minimum of two ways that plants changed the land environment to support the emergence of land animals.arrow_forwardDesign an Experiment Imagine that you are trying to determine the evolutionary relationships among six groups of animals that look very much alike because they have few measurable morphological characters. What data would you collect to reconstruct their phylogenetic history?arrow_forward
- Test Your Understanding Evaluate and Synthesize 14. VISUALIZE construct a cladogram based on the following data. Mosses are plants with no vascular tissue. Horse-tails, ferns, gymnosperms (pines and other plants with naked seeds), and angiosperms (flowering plants) are all vascular plants. Seeds are absent in all but the gymnosperms and angiosperms. Angiosperms are the only seed plants with flowers. (Hint: To help you construct the cladogram, draw a simple table showing which characters are present in each group. See Fig. 23-9.) Figure 23-9 Constructing a cladogram using outgroup analysisarrow_forwardDRAW IT Use the letters a–d to label where on the phylogenetictree each of the following derived characters appears.(A) flowers(B) embryos(C) seeds(D) vascular tissuearrow_forwardve AS Help Normal Liberation ... 12 BIU 4. In the phylogenetic tree of vascular plants below, all of the taxa directly under each box belong to the group in the box (i.e., the lycophytes include clubmosses, quillworts, and spikemosses). Which of the four boxed groups are monophyletic, and which are paraphyletic? What characteristic(s) would separate bryophytes from lycophytes? A - 三= bryophytes lycophytes seed plants angiosperms hornworts Amborella dicots Roots Seeds True leaves, roots Vascular tissue liverworts mosses clubmosses quillworts spikemosses ferns gymnosperms monocotsarrow_forward
- Tree Thinking Review Draw a bracketed phylogenetic tree of the following groups on the next blank page: • Peat Moss • Capybara • Ostrich Fern • Blobfish • White Pine Tree • Protists • Escheria coli • Mexico Whiptail Lizard • Sunflower Sea Star • Bold Jumping Spider • T. Rex • Flatworm • Apple Tree • Archaea • Chanterelle Mushroom Grasshopper Sparrow After you draw your tree, label where the following traits would have evolved. Consider that traits may have evolved more than one time. • Chloroplasts • Seeds • Endosperm • Flowers • Vascular Tissue • Mitochondria Segmentation • Central Nervous System • Notochord • Vertebrae • Nucleus • Membrane Bound Organelles • Peptidoglycans • Cranium Fur • Lactation • Feathers Jaws • Hollow Dorsal Nerve Cordarrow_forwardLooking at the diagram on the right, answer the questions with the table on the left, don't copy anyone else's work, make sure your work is clear, it's a practice assignment, I just need a clear explanation for all the answersarrow_forwardGive typed full explanation Which of the following statements is TRUE for the labeled structures? (Choose all the correct answers) a. The structures labeled with the letter a are genetically identical to each other. b. The structure labeled with the letter b is the gametophyte. c. The structures labeled with the letter c (the sperm produced by one antheridium) are genetically different from each other. d. The structure labeled with the letter d is the sporophyte.arrow_forward
- Create a hypothetical phylogenetic tree.arrow_forwardConstructing a Phylogenetic Tree Now, you are going to create and the interpret your own phylogenetic tree. Take a look at the characteristics for these organisms. Plant Group Photosynthesis? Seeds? Water-conducting Tissue? Flowers? Ferns X Gymnosperms Mosses Angiosperms Using the characteristics from the table above, determine where each of these organisms belongs on the tree below, then answer the questions. A В What characteristic appears just before group C branches off (the starred location)? flowers water conducting tissue seeds O photosynthesisarrow_forwardGuide question: 1. Fill in table 1. Table 1. Distinctive traits of major plant phyla Distinctive Bryophyta traits Dominant generation (Gametophyte or sporophyte) Vascular or nonvascular Dispersal to new habitats (spore or seed) Type of gametophyte (unisexual or. bisexual) Flagellated or unflagellated sperm Sporangium in capsule, sori, cone or flower Type of spores homosporous or heterosporous Monilophyta Coniferophyta Anthophyta 31arrow_forward
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Phylogenetic Mysteries: Crash Course Zoology #12; Author: CrashCourse;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVaw7nF72Aw;License: Standard youtube license