Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 27, Problem 10RQ
Consulting the modern phylogenetic tree of animals, which of the following would not constitute a clade?
- deuterostomes
- lophotrochozoans
- Parazoa
- Bilateria
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Porifera
Cnidaria
Clenophora
Chordata
Joo
Ecdysis
Protostome body plan
Loss of coelom
Bilateral symmetry
Ctenes
Hemichordata
Pinacocytes
10
Visceral mass
Notochord
Consider the phylogenetic tree of the 12 metazoan phyla we discussed in class
throughout the term. For each of the 8 numbered branches on this tree (numbered
1-10), match a trait (i.e. character) or loss of a trait that occurred along that branch.
Echinodermata
Deuterostome body plan
Proboscis, collar, and
trunk body plan
1. 1
2.
2
3. 3
4. 4
5.
5
6. 6
7. 7
8. 8
9. 9
Arthropoda
10, 10
Nemoda
Mollusca
Annelida
Roer
Platyhelminthes
Which of these models correctly identifies the most recent common ancestor diploblasts?
Cnidaria
Lophotrochozoa
Ecdysozoa
Deuterostomes
Cnidaria
Lophotrochozoa
Ecdysozoa
Deuterostomes
Cnidaria
-Lophotrochozoa
Ecdysozoa
Deuterostomes
Cnidaria
Lophotrochozoa
Ecdysozoa
Deuterostomes
Chapter 27 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 27 - Figure 27.5 If a Hox 13 gene in a mouse was...Ch. 27 - Figure 27.6 Which of the following statements is...Ch. 27 - Figure 27.9 Which of the following statements...Ch. 27 - Which of the following is not a feature common to...Ch. 27 - During embryonic development, unique cell layers...Ch. 27 - Which of the following phenotypes would most...Ch. 27 - Which of the following organisms is most likely to...Ch. 27 - Which of the following is not possible? radially...Ch. 27 - An animal whose development is marked by radial...Ch. 27 - Consulting the modern phylogenetic tree of...
Ch. 27 - Which of the following is thought to be the most...Ch. 27 - As with the emergence of the Acoelomorpha phylum,...Ch. 27 - Which of the following periods is the earliest...Ch. 27 - What type of data is primarily used to determine...Ch. 27 - The time between 542-488 million years ago marks...Ch. 27 - Until recent discoveries suggested otherwise,...Ch. 27 - Plant life first appeared on land during which of...Ch. 27 - Approximately how many mass extinction events...Ch. 27 - Why might the evolution of specialized tissues be...Ch. 27 - Describe and give examples of how humans display...Ch. 27 - How have Hox genes contributed to the diversity of...Ch. 27 - Using the following terms, explain what...Ch. 27 - Explain some of the advantages brought about...Ch. 27 - Describe at least two major changes to the animal...Ch. 27 - How is it that morphological data alone might lead...Ch. 27 - Briefly describe at least two theories that...Ch. 27 - How is it that most if not all, of the extant...
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- Three major phylogenetic groups of Bilateria are currently recognized: Ecdysozoa, Lophotrochozoa, and Deuterostomia. Which of these three groups is least diverse? Where are humans?arrow_forwardPlease complete the following (abbreviated) cladogram of Metazoa, labeling tips, nodes and synapomorphies by using the following word bank: Choanoflagellates multicellularity triploblasty Arthropoda Lepidosauria Cnidaria Bilateria Deuterostomia Ecdysozoa radial cleavage Porifera Mammalia Nematoda 2. Use the tree above to answer the following questions: Name the monophyletic group that is most closely related to Deuterostomia. b. Circle the monophyletic group Animalia (Metazoa). Circle the MRCA of Nematoda and Choanoflagellates. d. Write another name (many possibilities, not listed in the word bank) for the MRCA of Mammalia and Lepidosauria, a. C. 工arrow_forwardThe protostome developmental sequence arose just once in evolutionary history, resulting in two main subgroups–Lophotrochozoa and Ecdysozoa. What does this finding suggest? Group of answer choices The lophotrochozoans are monophyletic. The protostomes are a paraphyletic group. Division of these two groups occurred after the protostome developmental sequence appeared. These two subgroups have a common ancestor that was a deuterostome.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is CORRECT? Eumetazoans lack true tissues Cnidarians have three germ layers Animals evolved from an ancestral protist Sponges belong the clade called Eumetazoaarrow_forwardCreate a cladogram summarizing the phylogenetic relationships among the different phyla. Phyla: Porifera Cnidaria Platyhelminthes Annelida Mollusca Nematoda Arthropoda Echinodermata Chordata Characters: True tissues Blastopore forms the mouth Blastopore forms anus Undergo ecdysis Notochord Mantle and muscular foot Water vascular system Trochophore Segmented jointed appendages Chitinous setae Muscles and nerves Triploblasticarrow_forwardTo what subphylum does this animal belong? Chordata Vertebrata Agnatha Gnathostomata Elasmobranchiiarrow_forward
- Describe a Phylum Porifera organism as: Parazoa or Eumetazoa Diploblastic or Triploblastic or neither Assymetrical or Radial Symmetrical or Bilaterially Symmetrical Aquatic or Terrestrial Acoelomate or Pseudocoelomate or Coelomate Protostome or Deuterostome or Neither Lophotrochozan or Ecdysosoan or Neitherarrow_forwardRedraw the phylogenetic tree for Cnidarians showing only the relationships between Scyphozoa, Rugosa, Tabulata, and Scleractinia. Circle the Anthozoa clade.arrow_forwardGive at least (3) body structures that are salient among these groups of animals: Protozoans Poriferan Cnidariansarrow_forward
- Which of the following animal groups is triploblastic, has deuterostome development, and has a digestive system, a nervous system, and an excretory system, but does not have a vertebral column? the acoelomate flatworms (like the planaria) the cephalochordates (like the lancelet) the poriferans (like the calcareous sponges) the coelenterates (like the jellyfish) the agnathan fishes (like the sea lamprey)arrow_forwardFind the animal on the phylogenetic tree and classify it as either protostome or deuterostome, and ecdysozoa or lophotrochozoa.arrow_forwardWhich of the following combinations correctly matches a phylum to its description? O Nematoda-segmented worms, closed circulatory system O Cnidaria-flatworms, gastrovascular cavity, acoelomate O Echinodermata-bilateral symmetry as a larva, water vascular system O Artropoda-tagmatism, jointed legs with hardened endoskeleton O Platyhelminthes-radial symmetry, polyp and medusa body formsarrow_forward
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