Microbiology: An Introduction
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780321929150
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 26, Problem 9R
Summary Introduction
To review:
Intracellular reticulate bodies of this gram-negative bacterium convert to elementary bodies that can infect a new host cell
Introduction:
Chlamydia trachomatis is a gram-negative, intracellular pathogen transmit through sexual contact. It causes chlamydia, urethritis, cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease.
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Once these pathogens enter the host the difference in environmental conditions signals for them to germinate and turn into growing cells. Compare Inhalation anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) to Tetanus (Clostridium tetani). Besides endospores used in transmission, what is a simple explanation to help explain how each microbe survives and grows in each location?
Propionibacterium acnes is a normal member of the skin microbiome that benefits the body by lowering the skin's pH- an antimicrobial effect. However, P. acnes is also the leading cause of acne. Explain mechanistically how can a bacterium be normal and beneficial but also be pathogenic?
The genus of bacteria with leaky cell walls which are transmitted among humans by direct contact is:
Chapter 26 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction
Ch. 26 - coli to cause cystitis. Do the same for...Ch. 26 - Prob. 2RCh. 26 - Explain why E. coli is frequently implicated in...Ch. 26 - Name one organism that causes pyelonephritis. What...Ch. 26 - Prob. 5RCh. 26 - Describe the symptoms of genital herpes. What is...Ch. 26 - Name one fungus and one protozoan that can cause...Ch. 26 - List the genital infections that cause congenital...Ch. 26 - Prob. 9RCh. 26 - Prob. 1MCQ
Ch. 26 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 26 - Microscopic examination of vaginal smear shows...Ch. 26 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 26 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 26 - Fluid-filled vesicles a. candidiasis b. bacterial...Ch. 26 - Fluid-filled vesicles a. candidiasis b. bacterial...Ch. 26 - The most common cause of cystitis. a. Chlamydia...Ch. 26 - In cases of NGU, diagnosis is made using PCR to...Ch. 26 - The tropical skin disease called yaws is...Ch. 26 - Prob. 2ACh. 26 - How is this selective for Neisseria?Ch. 26 - Prob. 4ACh. 26 - Prob. 1CAECh. 26 - A 28-year-old woman was admitted to a Wisconsin...Ch. 26 - Prob. 3CAE
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- List the four genera of bacteria that cause opportunistic infectionsand are physiologically similar to Pseudomonas.arrow_forwardList the four cellular agents of bacterium that most antimicrobial agents such as antibiotics target. Explain how each area is affected by the agent.arrow_forwardWhat do Gram positive bacteria generally possess and how will these help them in their virulence?arrow_forward
- Which of the following contribute to a pathogen's invasiveness? endotoxins hyaluronidase F proteinarrow_forwardPropionibacterium acnes is a normal member of the skin microbiome that benefits the body by lowering the skin's pH- an antimicrobial effect. However, P. acnes is also the leading cause of acne. Explain mechanistically how can a bacterium be part of the normal microbiome and beneficial but also be pathogenic?arrow_forwardThe stage of an infectious disease when specific signs and symptoms are clearly seen and the pathogen is at peak activity is 1) prodromal O 2) invasion 3) incubation 4) convalescencearrow_forward
- Describe four enzymes produced by Staphylococcus, and explain how each contributes to the bacterium’s survival and pathogenicity.arrow_forwardWhy does Helicobacter pylori cause ulceractions in the lining of the Stomach? 1)The microbes secrete a toxin that prevents the host from detecting invasion of the microbe and thus allows it to thrive in the stomach and damage the host cells. 2)After invasion of the microbe in the cells lining the stomach, they are no longer able to produce mucous to protect the host cells from acid erosion 3)The microbe produces an enzyme that causes the cell to produce potent digestive enzymes that erode the stomach lining. 4)Once the microbe has entered the stomach, it releases digestive enzymes that degrade the mucous secreting cells.arrow_forwardDifferent strains of Streptococcus pyogenes have different virulence factors, giving these microbes much versatility. Virulence factors include which of the following? Choose one or more: A.A capsule that, when thick, will help the organism avoid phagocytosis by macrophages B.A cell wall containing lipoteichoic acid, thought to facilitate adherence to pharyngeal epithelial cells C.Enzymes that lyse blood cells (streptolysins) D.The production of several endotoxins called streptococcal pyogenic endotoxins (SPEs)arrow_forward
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