What is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781464157745
Author: Jay Phelan
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Question
Chapter 26, Problem 5MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The T and B lymphocytes are the cells that are responsible for specific immunity.
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Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect.
T cells are differentiated into two groups based on their glycoproteins CD4 or CD8. Which of the following is true of CD4 T cells?
a. They become cytotoxic T cells.
b. The become antigen presenting cells.
c. They become T helper cells.
d. They become plasma cells.
These types of T cells regulate the function of B cells, T cells, and phagocytes:
a. Suppressor T cells
b. Helper T cells
c. Cytotoxic T cells
d. None of the above
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
a. T-cell activation: cell division and differentiation
b. effector B cell: plasma cell
c. plasma cell: antibody secretion
d. helper T cell: kills pathogen-infected cells
e. helper T cell: facilitates the differentiation of B cells.
Chapter 26 Solutions
What is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
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- Which of the following statements about T cells is false? a. Helper T cells release cytokines while cytotoxic T cells kill the infected cell. b. Helper T cells are CD4+, while cytotoxic T cells are CD8+. c. MHC II is a receptor found on most body cells, while MHC I is a receptor found on immune cells only. d. The T cell receptor is found on both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements does not describe tolerogens accurately? Select one: A. They can be the same molecules as immunogens. B. They lead immune cells to become unresponsive. C. They can be foreign antigens. D. They affect B cells but not T cells. E. The can be presented by antigen- presenting cells.arrow_forwardA primary difference between how B cells recognize antigen and how T cells recognize antigen is that a. T-cell receptors can bind antigen only after secretion of the T-cell receptor from the surface of the T cell b. antibodies can bind only to denatured proteins c. T-cell receptors can bind to carbohydrate groups or clusters of amino acids d. B cells recognize degraded proteins bound to major histocompatibility molecules e. T cells recognize degraded proteins bound to major histocompatibility molecules.arrow_forward
- To become a fully activated, antibody-secreting cell, B cells usually need: a. to encounter an antigen or receive a signal delivered by a helper T cell. b. to ingest a foreign invader such as a microobe. c. activation by a plasma cell d. contact with an antigen and helper T cell cytokinesarrow_forwardand T cells are activated by B cells are activated by a. soluble, intact antigens; antigen fragments displayed on the surfaces of other cells b. soluble, intact antigens; soluble, intact antigens c. antigen fragments displayed on the surfaces of other cells; soluble, intact antigens d. antigen fragments displayed on the surfaces of other cells; antigen fragments displayed on the surfaces of other cells e. insoluble, intact antigens; antigen fragments displayed on the surfaces of other cells 23.arrow_forwardAn example of innate immune cells are: A. Macrophages B. Dendritic cells C. T cells D. B cells E. A and B onlyarrow_forward
- Which of the following explains why dendritic cells, but not macrophages or B cells, contribute to the activation of naive T cells? a. Macrophages and B cells do not express MHC class II molecules until they are activated. b. Dendritic cells upregulate B7 after engaging innate immunity receptors at sites of infection. c. Dendritic cells express higher levels of CTLA4. d. Macrophages and B cells do not process antigen. e. Dendritic cells use Toll-like receptors to hold antigen in place for extended periods of time.arrow_forwardThe immune system includes the various responses the body uses to ensure survival in the presence of disease-causing agents. Identify the example of innate immunity. A. Infected host cells are killed by toxic proteins from cytotoxic T cells. B. Toll-like receptors bind to foreign molecule fragments to initiate immune response. C. CD4 accessory proteins on the helper T cell surface bind to class II MHC molecules. D. IgE antibodies recognize and attach to pollen grains, stimulating an allergic reaction.arrow_forwardThe T-cell antigen receptor is similar to immunoglobulin molecules in that it: a. can cross the placenta and provide protection to a fetus b. remains bound to the cell surface and is never secreted c. binds complement d. contains V and C regions on each of its chainarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements regarding T cells activated by specific antigen is incorrect? a. They receive co-stimulatory signals through CD28. b. They suppress expression of sphingosine 1-phosphate (SIP). c. They take several days before differentiating into effector T cells. d. They cease to secrete and respond to interleukin-2 (IL-2). e. They begin to express CTLA4, which serves to limit T-cell proliferation.arrow_forwardWhich of the following can serve as antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?a. T cells b. B cells c. macrophages d. dendritic cells e. b, c, and darrow_forwardWhich of the following is a function of cytokines? A. Promote antibody invaders. B. Help T cells recognize invaders. C. Attract white blood cells to a possible invader. D. Destroy cancer cells.arrow_forward
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