Pearson eText Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135755785
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Chapter 26, Problem 2AC
Summary Introduction
To describe:
Dominance hierarchy with an example, its role in social behavior, human parallel, its role and whether these two are similar or not and to compare this with territorial behavior in humans and other animals.
Introduction:
Behavior can be defined as any visual activity of an organism. The behavior of the organisms depends on the genetic component as well as the environmental factors. The behaviors are the resultant of the interaction of genes and environmental factors.
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Chapter 26 Solutions
Pearson eText Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 1TCCh. 26.1 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 26.1 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 26.1 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 26.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 26.2 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 26.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 26.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 26.3 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 26.4 - Does symmetry have a scent? In one study,...
Ch. 26.4 - compare the advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 26.5 - Prob. 1TCCh. 26.5 - Prob. 2TCCh. 26.5 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 26.5 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 26.6 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 26.6 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 26.7 - list the advantages and disadvantages of living in...Ch. 26.7 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 26.8 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 26.8 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 26.8 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 26.8 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 26.8 - Is our perception of human beauty determined by...Ch. 26 - Prob. 1MCCh. 26 - The benefits to an individual of living in a...Ch. 26 - Prob. 3MCCh. 26 - Prob. 4MCCh. 26 - Prob. 5MCCh. 26 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 26 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 26 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 26 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 26 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 26 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 26 - Prob. 1RQCh. 26 - Prob. 2RQCh. 26 - Prob. 3RQCh. 26 - Prob. 4RQCh. 26 - Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of group...Ch. 26 - Prob. 6RQCh. 26 - Prob. 1ACCh. 26 - Prob. 2ACCh. 26 - Prob. 3AC
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- The idea that behavior must be either innate or learned has been called a “nature versus nurture” controversy. What reasons are there for believing that such a strict dichotomy does not exist?arrow_forwardDefense of an area where important resources for survival are located is termed appeasement. kinesis. passive behavior. aggression behavior territorial behavior. Choose the true statement about innate behaviors from the list: Innate behaviors tend to vary considerably among members of a population. Innate behaviors occur in invertebrates and some vertebrates but not in mammals. Innate behaviors are expressed in most individuals in a population across a wide range of environmental conditions. Genes have very little influence on the expression of innate behaviors. Innate behaviors are limited to invertebrate animals. In different species, there are sometimes very sensitive periods in their lives when a particular behavior or skill needs to be learned. This is called classical conditioning. altruism. fixed action behavior.…arrow_forwardWhat is individual variation? Provide specific types of individual variation of behaviorarrow_forward
- Cooperative behaviour is widely found among animals. Provide the following: 1) an example of cooperative behaviour between genetically related individuals 2) an example of cooperative behaviour between unrelated individuals. For each of the examples, also describe the mechanism(s) involved in maintaining cooperative behaviours during their interactions.arrow_forwardConsider the following argument: Altruistic behavior in groups of related individuals is most likely driven by kin selection since related individuals would share DNA. Which of the following pieces of evidence would be most likely to weaken this argument? Data showing that only distantly related individuals are most likely to perform altruistic behaviors in order to protect each other Data showing that food gifts are given more common among family members than between unrelated individuals in a group Data showing that individuals that share a higher percentage of DNA in a group tend to show the most altruistic behavior between themselves Data showing that the more frequent an allele of a gene occurs in a population, the more likely that population performs altruistic behaviorsarrow_forwardHow much of our behavior is determined by our genes versus the environment? Provide two examples of why or why not.What do you think are the pros and cons for an individual if they believe genes determine their behaviors? What are the pros and cons for individuals if they believe nature determines their behaviors? What do you think are the implications for society if we put a lot of weight on nature or nurture?arrow_forward
- Regarding mating behavior, choose the false statement from the list: Some aspects of courtship behavior may have evolved from agonistic interactions. Courtship interactions ensure that the participating individuals are nonthreatening and of the proper species, sex, and physiological condition for mating. The mating relationship in most mammals is monogamous, to ensure the reproductive success of the pair. Polygamous relationships most often involve a single male and many females, but in some species this is reversed. Salmon swimming against the stream to lay eggs is an example of taxis. tropism. kinesis. cognitive mapping spatial learning Female Apanteles wasps lay their eggs in caterpillars of the genus Pieris. The site of the caterpillar initiates the egg laying behavior. This is an example of a fixed action pattern. problem solving behavior. habituation.…arrow_forwardA Gelada baboon gives a warning cry that a predator is approaching so other members of its population could run away. This behavior is an example of innate behavior. survival of the fittest. altruistic behavior. dominant hierarchical behavior. imprinted behavior. A stickleback fish will attack a fish model as long as the model has red coloring. What term best applies to this behavior? Fixed Action Pattern habituation imprinting associative learning problem solving Which of the following is least related to the others? fighting over a mate territorial behavior Dominance heirarchy cognitive maps agonistic behaviorarrow_forwardDistinguish between proximate and ultimate causes of behavior and apply theconcepts of ultimate cause and cost–benefit analysis to decide whether a particularbehavior is adaptive.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is NOT the reason why females are choosy? By being choosy, she can acquire advantageous genotypes for her offspring from her mates. By being choosy, she can acquire resource for her offspring from her mates. By being choosy, she can ensure that her male offspring can attract more females as well. Her seeming choosiness is a by-product of her stereotypical behaviors exploited by the males for mating gains. All listed above are reasons why she is choosyarrow_forwardWhich of the following is LEAST consistent with how behavior tends to evolve? Changes to underlying neural mechanisms, such as neurotransmitter receptors that affect motivation, can result in major changes in behavioral phenotypes Tweaks to the developmental process, such as play or learning, can cause evolutionary divergence in behavior Changes in the properties of sensory receptors can shift preferences and choices Variation in the gene for a given behavior results in population divergence Why are there biases in learning processes? The initial neural structure underlying learning may not allow every possible learned association Some cues are more likely than others to be associated with particular things, which has shaped the evolution of neural networks that represent the world Reducing the range of possible things a brain can learn can be one way to reduce the costs of learning All of the abovearrow_forwardIn the initial encounter with the male intruder, resident male Cray fish showed extreme aggressive behaviors towards the intruder but after getting injected with octopamine, the resident male showed less aggression towards intruder males compared to their initial encounter. Based on what you know about serotonin an octopamine function, does the above situation of the injection octopamine makes sense? What might explain this and why do you say so? Also, what fitness benefits might a crayfish that shows dominance behaviors and a crayfish that shows subordinate behaviors gain?arrow_forward
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