(a)
Interpretation:
A
Concept introduction:
The PBT stands for poly(butylene terephthalate) and PET for poly(ethyl terephthalate), so both are the examples of polyesters. In PBT, butylene glycol is used instead of ethylene glycol. Increasing the length of the alkyl chain in the polymer will allow easier mobility of the polymer molecule results in the lowering of the melting point. Thus the mobility of the polymer molecule due to longer flexible alkyl chain the polymer molecule easily moves into a crystal lattice more quickly. The polyester can be synthesized from corresponding
(b)
Interpretation:
A polymer closely related to PET is PBT, which is made from terephthalic acid and
Concept introduction:
The PBT stands for poly(butylene terephthalate) and PET for poly(ethyl terephthalate) so both are the examples of polyesters. In PBT, butylene glycol is used instead of ethylene glycol. Increasing the length of the alkyl chain in the polymer will allow easier mobility of the polymer molecule results in the lowering of the melting point. Thus the mobility of the polymer molecule due to longer flexible alkyl chain the polymer molecule easily moves into a crystal lattice more quickly.
(c)
Interpretation:
The PBT has a higher or lower melting point than the PET is to be explained.
Concept introduction:
The PBT stands for poly(butylene terephthalate) and PET for poly(ethyl terephthalate) so both are the examples of polyesters. In PBT, butylene glycol is used instead of ethylene glycol. Increasing the length of the alkyl chain in the polymer will allow easier mobility of the polymer molecule results in the lowering of the melting point. Thus the mobility of the polymer molecule due to longer flexible alkyl chain the polymer molecule easily moves into a crystal lattice more quickly.
(d)
Interpretation:
It is to be explained why PBT crystalizes more quickly than PET.
Concept introduction:
The PBT stands for poly(butylene terephthalate) and PET for poly(ethyl terephthalate) so both are the examples of polyesters. In PBT, butylene glycol is used instead of ethylene glycol. Increasing the length of the alkyl chain in the polymer will allow easier mobility of the polymer molecule results in the lowering of the melting point. Thus the mobility of the polymer molecule due to longer flexible alkyl chain the polymer molecule easily moves into a crystal lattice more quickly.
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Chapter 26 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: Principles and Mechanisms (Second Edition)
- Draw the product of the E2 reaction shown below. Include the correct stereochemistry. Ignore and inorganic byproducts.arrow_forwardDraw the major producrs of this SN1 reaction. Ignore any inorganic byproducts. Use a dash or wedge bond to indicate the sereochemistry of substituents on asymmetric centers where appllicable.arrow_forward5) Oxaloacetic Acid is an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of citric acid. Synthesize oxaloacetic acid using a mixed Claisen Condensation reaction with two different esters and a sodium ethoxide base. Give your answer as a scheme Hint 1: Your final acid product is producing using a decarboxylation reaction. Hint 2: Look up the structure of oxalic acid. HO all OH oxaloacetic acidarrow_forward
- 20. The Brusselator. This hypothetical system was first proposed by a group work- ing in Brussels [see Prigogine and Lefever (1968)] in connection with spatially nonuniform chemical patterns. Because certain steps involve trimolecular reac tions, it is not a model of any real chemical system but rather a prototype that has been studied extensively. The reaction steps are A-X. B+X-Y+D. 2X+ Y-3X, X-E. 305 It is assumed that concentrations of A, B, D, and E are kept artificially con stant so that only X and Y vary with time. (a) Show that if all rate constants are chosen appropriately, the equations de scribing a Brusselator are: dt A-(B+ 1)x + x²y, dy =Bx-x²y. diarrow_forwardProblem 3. Provide a mechanism for the following transformation: H₂SO A Me. Me Me Me Mearrow_forwardYou are trying to decide if there is a single reagent you can add that will make the following synthesis possible without any other major side products: xi 1. ☑ 2. H₂O хе i Draw the missing reagent X you think will make this synthesis work in the drawing area below. If there is no reagent that will make your desired product in good yield or without complications, just check the box under the drawing area and leave it blank. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. There is no reagent that will make this synthesis work without complications. : ☐ S ☐arrow_forward
- Predict the major products of this organic reaction: H OH 1. LiAlH4 2. H₂O ? Note: be sure you use dash and wedge bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. G C टेarrow_forwardFor each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new C-C bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. NH2 CI MgCl ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No MgBr ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No G टेarrow_forwardFor each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new CC bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. དྲ。 ✗MgBr ? O CI Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new C-C bond? Yes No • ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No × : ☐ Xarrow_forward
- Predict the major products of this organic reaction: OH NaBH4 H ? CH3OH Note: be sure you use dash and wedge bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. ☐ : Sarrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction: 1. LIAIHA 2. H₂O ? Note: be sure you use dash and wedge bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. X : ☐arrow_forwardFor each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new C - C bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. NH2 tu ? ? OH Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No C $ ©arrow_forward
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