Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780321803221
Author: Paula Y. Bruice
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 26, Problem 24P
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The base sequence of the segment of DNA which is responsible for the biosynthesis of the given hexapeptide should be determined.

Concept introduction:

RNA is the abbreviation term of “Ribonucleic Acid”.  It is a complex molecule found in all living things.

RNA helps to make proteins.

Important RNAs such as messenger RNA (mRNA), rRNA (ribosomal RNA) and tRNA (transfer RNA) and their functions are mentioned below,

RNAFunctionmRNAinstructionstoproteinrRNApartoftheribosomestRNAcarriersthatmatchaminoacidstocodonsduringtranslation

Codons are the sequence of three bases in mRNA that specifies the amino acid to be incorporated into a protein.

Some amino acids and their corresponding mRNA codons are listed below,

Aminoacid*mRNAcodonsAla_nineGCU,GCC,GCA,GCGAsp_aragineGAU,GACVal_ineGUU,GUC,GUA,GUGHis_tidineCAU,CACSer_ineUCU,UCC,UCA,UCGArg_inineCGU,CGC,CGA,CGG,AGA,AGGGlu_tamicacidGAA,GAGLys_ineAAA,AAGGly_cineGGU,GGC,GGA,GGGTyr_osineUAU,UAC*Thethreelettercodeforeachaminoacidisunderlined.

Anticodons are the matching sequence on the tRNA to the codon on the mRNA.  A base is nitrogen containing heterocyclic compound which is found in DNA and RNA.

There are mainly four nitrogen bases in RNA.

  1. (1) Adenine
  2. (2) Guanine
  3. (3) Cytosine
  4. (4) Uracil

In RNA, Adenine always makes a double bond with uracil (A=U) and cytosine always makes triple bond with guanine (GC)

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#1. Retro-Electrochemical Reaction: A ring has been made, but the light is causing the molecule to un- cyclize. Undo the ring into all possible molecules. (2pts, no partial credit) hv
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I have a question about this problem involving mechanisms and drawing curved arrows for acids and bases. I know we need to identify the nucleophile and electrophile, but are there different types of reactions? For instance, what about Grignard reagents and other types that I might not be familiar with? Can you help me with this? I want to identify the names of the mechanisms for problems 1-14, such as Gilman reagents and others. Are they all the same? Also, could you rewrite it so I can better understand? The handwriting is pretty cluttered. Additionally, I need to label the nucleophile and electrophile, but my main concern is whether those reactions differ, like the "Brønsted-Lowry acid-base mechanism, Lewis acid-base mechanism, acid-catalyzed mechanisms, acid-catalyzed reactions, base-catalyzed reactions, nucleophilic substitution mechanisms (SN1 and SN2), elimination reactions (E1 and E2), organometallic mechanisms, and so forth."

Chapter 26 Solutions

Organic Chemistry

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Nucleic acids - DNA and RNA structure; Author: MEDSimplified;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0lZRAShqft0;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY