Chapter 26, Problem 19STP

Summary Introduction

To write:

The steps to preserve coral ecosystems.

Introduction :

Corals are invertebrate species that belong to a wide group of interesting and colorful animals called Cnidaria. Other species in this group include sea anemones and jelly fish. While Cnidarians display a variety of colours, sizes and shapes, they share the common distinguishing features; a simple stomach with a single mouth opening, covered by stinging tentacles.

Explanation of Solution

An individual coral is known as a polyp and most corals live as a 'colony' in groups consisting of hundreds to thousands of polyps that are genetically identical. The colony is created by a process called budding where the original polyp grows copies of itself.

Hard corals collect sufficient calcium from nearby seawater and use this to establish a strong growth structure. Therefore, coral reefs are formed by millions of tiny polyps forming large carbonate structures that provide a habitat and home to many other species.

The health of a coral depends on proper water temperature, sunlight and appropriate water depth. If environmental conditions deteriorate in regions where corals are found, the health of the coral might also deteriorate. Coral reefs that face a threat for survival should be protected by preventing human activities near them. Thus, to protect the coral reefs, pollution near the coral reefs should be minimised. The adverse impacts of human activities on coral reefs and associated ecosystems should be reduced so as to maintain the health of the corals.

Conclusion

Understanding the coral ecosystems and the processes that determine their growth and health can help to protect the coral reefs.