ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY 4/E PAC 1 SEMESTER
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781265061173
Author: McKinley
Publisher: MCG CUSTOM
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Chapter 25.3, Problem 9WDYL
Why do electrolytes exert a greater osmotic pressure than nonelectrolytes?
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Describe why the concentration of water should be nearly the same inside the cell and in the extracellular fluid, at equilibrium.
What general conclusion can you make concerning the movement of water? There is always a net movement of water by osmosis toward (a) an isotonic solution, (b) a hypotonic solution, or (c) a hypertonic solution.
Red blood cells with an internal osmolarity of 300 mOsM/L are placed in a solution containing 300mOsm/L glucose. Which of the following must be TRUE about the solution?
a) the solution is isosmotic
b) the solution is isotonic
c) both A and B
d) Neither A nor B
Chapter 25 Solutions
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY 4/E PAC 1 SEMESTER
Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 1WDYLCh. 25.1 - Which ions are more prevalent in the intracellular...Ch. 25.1 - What is the major distinction in the chemical...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 4WDYLCh. 25.2 - What are the two major sources of fluid intake?...Ch. 25.2 - How would you distinguish fluid deficiency from...Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 7WDYLCh. 25.2 - Which of these four hormonesangiotensin II,...Ch. 25.3 - Why do electrolytes exert a greater osmotic...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 10WDYL
Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 11WDYLCh. 25.4 - How does the homeostatic system involving ADH...Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 13WDYLCh. 25.4 - Prob. 14WDYLCh. 25.5 - What is meant by acid-base balance?Ch. 25.5 - How are fixed acids distinguished from volatile...Ch. 25.5 - How do the kidneys regulate fixed acids to help...Ch. 25.5 - Prob. 18WDYLCh. 25.5 - What are the three chemical buffering systems, and...Ch. 25.5 - Prob. 20WDYLCh. 25.6 - Prob. 21WDYLCh. 25.6 - Prob. 22WDYLCh. 25.6 - Prob. 23WDYLCh. 25.6 - Prob. 24WDYLCh. 25.6 - Prob. 25WDYLCh. 25.6 - Prob. 26WDYLCh. 25 - Prob. 1DYKBCh. 25 - _____ 2. The fluid compartment with the largest...Ch. 25 - _____3. Which of the following would result in...Ch. 25 - _____4. If an individual has decreased saliva...Ch. 25 - _____5. Which hormone decreases total body fluid,...Ch. 25 - Which of the following describes an electrolyte?...Ch. 25 - Prob. 7DYKBCh. 25 - Prob. 8DYKBCh. 25 - Which of the following is not a chemical buffer in...Ch. 25 - Prob. 10DYKBCh. 25 - List the three variables that determine the...Ch. 25 - Describe the movement of water between the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 13DYKBCh. 25 - Explain the homeostatic system involving the renin...Ch. 25 - Describe how ANP is regulated and how it opposes...Ch. 25 - Describe the functions of Na+ and how it is...Ch. 25 - Describe what occurs in the kidney to maintain...Ch. 25 - Prob. 18DYKBCh. 25 - List the three chemical buffers, and describe how...Ch. 25 - Describe respiratory acidosis and its...Ch. 25 - Maria brings her baby to the emergency room. She...Ch. 25 - Prob. 2CALCh. 25 - Prob. 3CALCh. 25 - Harold has been suffering from diabetes mellitus...Ch. 25 - Prob. 5CALCh. 25 - Morgan is a nurse at the local hospital. She...Ch. 25 - Ms. Taylor, 68 years old, has been vomiting for 2...Ch. 25 - Prob. 3CSL
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- What effect might a change in extracellular osmolarity have on the movement of water across cell membranes (you can assume that plasma and interstitial fluid osmolarities are the same)?arrow_forwardDescribe the term osmolarity and indicate the contribution made by the most important electrolytesarrow_forwardA 28-year-old woman who is in the final stages of running a marathon on a hot day has regularly consumed Water along the path. She begins to have a severe headache and shows symptoms of being confused. She has been sweating profusely, losing elec- trolytes and, to compensate, has been drinking pure water. Explain the osmotic nature of what is happening in relationship to the movement of water in her blood and brain cells and what should be done to correct the problem.arrow_forward
- An osmotic semipermeable membrane that allows only water to pass separates two compartments, A and B. Compartment A contains 0.9% NaCl, and compartment B contains 3% glycerol, C3H8O3. (a) In which compartment will the level of solution rise? (b) Which compartment has the higher osmotic pressure (if either)?arrow_forwardTwo solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane that is permeable only to water. The two solutions are: Solution A = 150 mM KCl Solution B = 150 mM Angiotensin (a 7 amino acid polypeptide) Which of the following would best explain the net movement in this situation? - water will move from the KCl side to Angiotensin side - water will move from Angiotensin side to KCl side - The Cl- ion will move to the angiotensin side until there is 75 mM Cl- on each side - Since Angiotensin is not an ion, it can move through the membrane - There is no net water movement as the concentrations are the same on both sidesarrow_forwardCan solutions with the same concentration of different solutes have different osmotic pressures?arrow_forward
- In an investigation of osmosis, apple cores were submerged in different molarity solutions to determine the unknown osmolarity of the apple. To determine the molarity five uniform apple cores were massed before submerging them in different molarity solutions. After 24 hours the apple cores were massed again. Then the percent change in mass was determined for the five uniform apple cores in each molarity solution. (b) Identify the osmolarity of the apple.arrow_forwardContrast the energetic difference between the diffusion of an electrolyte versus a nonelectrolyte across the membranearrow_forwardEstimate the total osmolarity of a 2-in-1 TPN bag containing D14W AA 6% plus 160 mEq KCI and 140 mEq NaCl of electrolytes in a total volume of 2 liters. Express final answer in terms of mOsm/Larrow_forward
- A cell with intracellular osmolarity of 280 mOsm/L is placed into three different containers varying in osmolarity. Which solution from the list would cause the cell to lose water and shrink? 280 mOsm/L 240 mOsm/L 340 mOsm/L NONE of the abovearrow_forwardSolution A: 200 mM glucose; solution B: (100 mM NaCl + 50 mM KCl). Which of these two solutionswill have the highest osmotic pressure and why?arrow_forwardBlood volume must be restored in a person who has lost large amounts of blood due to serious injury. This is often accomplished by infusing isotonic NaCl solution into the blood. Why is this more effective than infusing an isoosmotic solution of a penetrating solute, such as urea?arrow_forward
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