Formation of metabolites such as ketone bodies, a c e t y l − C o A and glucose from amino acid catabolism has to be explained Concept introduction: Each amino acid is catabolized by a peculiar pathway, but the general sequence involves a) removal of amino group (b) use of the removed − N H 2 in the synthesis of new compounds or ammonium ion (c) passage of nitrogen into urea cycle and (iv) incorporation of the carbon atoms into that can enter the citric acid cycle.

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 25, Problem 25.14UKC

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Formation of metabolites such as ketone bodies, acetyl−CoA and glucose from amino acid catabolism has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Each amino acid is catabolized by a peculiar pathway, but the general sequence involves a) removal of amino group (b) use of the removed −NH2 in the synthesis of new compounds or ammonium ion (c) passage of nitrogen into urea cycle and (iv) incorporation of the carbon atoms into that can enter the citric acid cycle.

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Fourteen NADPH molecules are required to produce one molecules of palmitic acid from acetyl CoA. Substantiate this statement by referring to the enzymatic activities involved in reduction steps during fatty acid synthesis and the number of cycles required to produce palmitic acid from acetyl CoA. How many molecules of ATP is required for the synthesis of palmitic acid from cytosolic acetyl-CoA?

Most fatty acids have an even number of carbons and, therefore, are completely metabolized to acetyl-CoA. A fatty acid with an odd number of carbonsis metabolized to acetyl-CoA and one equivalent of propionyl-CoA. The following two reactions convert propionyl-CoA into succinyl-CoA, a citric acidcycle intermediate, so it can be further metabolized. Each of the reactions requires a coenzyme. Identify the coenzyme for each step. From what vitaminsare the coenzymes derived? (Hint: see Chapter 23.) COO− COO−CH2CH2methylmalonyl-CoA succinyl-CoA CH3CH2 SCoA

Only one acetyl CoA molecule is used directly in fatty acid synthesis. Identify the carbon atoms in palmitic acid that were donated by acetyl CoA.

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 25, Problem 25.14UKC

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Formation of metabolites such as ketone bodies, acetyl−CoA and glucose from amino acid catabolism has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Each amino acid is catabolized by a peculiar pathway, but the general sequence involves a) removal of amino group (b) use of the removed −NH2 in the synthesis of new compounds or ammonium ion (c) passage of nitrogen into urea cycle and (iv) incorporation of the carbon atoms into that can enter the citric acid cycle.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 25, Problem 25.14UKC

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Formation of metabolites such as ketone bodies, acetyl−CoA and glucose from amino acid catabolism has to be explained

Concept introduction:

Each amino acid is catabolized by a peculiar pathway, but the general sequence involves a) removal of amino group (b) use of the removed −NH2 in the synthesis of new compounds or ammonium ion (c) passage of nitrogen into urea cycle and (iv) incorporation of the carbon atoms into that can enter the citric acid cycle.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 25, Problem 25.14UKC

Interpretation Introduction