
(a)
Interpretation:
Reasonable precursors have to be suggested for the formation of compound I in the given problem.
Concept introduction:
Amide bond formation:
Amides, commonly known as acid amides are those compounds which have
(b)
Interpretation:
Reagents for the reaction along with the mechanism have to be given for the conversion of compound I to II as given in the question.
Concept introduction:
Coupling reaction of aryl halides and phenols catalyzed by palladium and MOP types of ligands:
Palladium catalyzed coupling reactions of aryl halides and phenols are described employing the bulky and electron rich MOP type ligands. When
(c)
Interpretation:
The two isomers of compound II have to be shown.
Concept introduction:
Atropisomers:
Atropisomers are the stereoisomers arising because of the hindered rotation about a single bond where energy differences due to steric strain or other contributors create a barrier to rotation that is high enough to allow for isolation of individual conformers.
(d)
Interpretation:
Suitable reagents have to be given for the transformation of compound II to III in the given problem.
Concept introduction:
Reduction of nitro group:
Reduction of nitro group can be done by various reagents. In industrial scale reduction of nitrobenzene to anniline is a very common reaction. It is done by catalytic hydrogenation in the presence of palladium hydrogen.
Diazotisation reaction:
Diazonium salta are organic compounds having
Sandmeyer reaction:
The Sandmeyer reaction is a
(e)
Interpretation:
The reagents and the fragment of the ring A that is useful for the conversion of compound III to IV have to be given.
Concept introduction:
Grignard reaction:
A grignard reagent is a chemical compound with the formula
(f)
Interpretation:
Ring closure reaction of the deprotected free amino group has to be given along with the mechanism.
Concept introduction:
Amide bond formation:
Amides, commonly known as acid amides are those compounds which have
(g)
Interpretation:
The atropisomers have to be drawn and also it has to be shown that only one of them can be converted to vancomycin.
Concept introduction:
Atropisomers:
Atropisomers are the stereoisomers arising because of the hindered rotation about a single bond where energy differences due to steric strain or other contributors create a barrier to rotation that is high enough to allow for isolation of individual conformers.

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Chapter 24 Solutions
Organic Chemistry, Loose-leaf Version
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