Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function (Standalone Book)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780073403717
Author: Kenneth S. Saladin Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 23.4, Problem 11BYGO
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
In the whole of the glomerular filtrate, about 65% are reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule. The proximal convoluted tubule removes wastes present in the blood and excretes them through the urine. Due to the presence of microvilli (its greater length), the proximal convoluted tubule has the benefits of increasing its surface area for absorption. Proximal convoluted tubule cells are equipped with a rich source of large mitochondria that produce ATP, which supports active transport. Of all the calories that are consumed in a day, only 6% of ATP is needed by the proximal convoluted tubule.
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19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
5' UTR (untranslated region)
3' poly A tail
3' UTR (untranslated region)
Translational start (AUG)
Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA)
N and C ends of polypeptide
0000
Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter
labels are not used.
MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
M
D
F
E
H
K
G
8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 23 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function (Standalone Book)
Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 1BYGOCh. 23.1 - Prob. 2BYGOCh. 23.1 - Prob. 3BYGOCh. 23.1 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 23.1 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 23.1 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 23.1 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 23.1 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 4BYGOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 5BYGO
Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 6BYGOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 12AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 7BYGOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 8BYGOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 9BYGOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 10BYGOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 11BYGOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 12BYGOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 13BYGOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 16BYGOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 17BYGOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 18BYGOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 19BYGOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 20BYGOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 23.7 - Prob. 21BYGOCh. 23.7 - Prob. 22BYGOCh. 23.7 - Prob. 23BYGOCh. 23.7 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 23.7 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 23.7 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 23.7 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 23.7 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 23.7 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 23 - Prob. 1TYRCh. 23 - The compact ball of capillaries in a nephron is...Ch. 23 - Prob. 3TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 4TYRCh. 23 - Most sodium is reabsorbed from the glomerular...Ch. 23 - Prob. 6TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 7TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 23 - Beavers have relatively little need to conserve...Ch. 23 - Prob. 10TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 11TYRCh. 23 - _______ is the ability of a nephron to adjust its...Ch. 23 - The two ureters and the urethra form the...Ch. 23 - The _______ is a group of epithelial cells of the...Ch. 23 - To enter the capsular space, filtrate must pass...Ch. 23 - Glycosuria occurs if the rate of glomerular...Ch. 23 - Prob. 17TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 18TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 19TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 20TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 1BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 2BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 3BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 4BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 5BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 6BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 7BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 8BYMVCh. 23 - pyelo-Ch. 23 - Prob. 10BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 1TFCh. 23 - Prob. 2TFCh. 23 - Prob. 3TFCh. 23 - Tight junctions prevent material from leaking...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5TFCh. 23 - Prob. 6TFCh. 23 - Prob. 7TFCh. 23 - The minimum osmolarity of urine is 300 mOsm/L,...Ch. 23 - Prob. 9TFCh. 23 - Prob. 10TFCh. 23 - Prob. 1TYCCh. 23 - Prob. 2TYCCh. 23 - Prob. 3TYCCh. 23 - Drugs called renin inhibitors are used to treat...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5TYC
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