Universe: Stars And Galaxies
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781319115098
Author: Roger Freedman, Robert Geller, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 23, Problem 43Q
To determine
The meaning of gravitational lensing and the reason that the gravitational lensing of light by ordinary objects on Earth cannot be noticed.
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You record the spectrum of a distant star using a telescope on the ground on Earth. Upon
analysing the spectrum, you discover absorption lines spaced at intervals typical of oxygen
atoms. Which of the following are possible interpretations of this evidence? Select all that
apply.
The width of the spectral lines gives the diameter of the star
The star is likely orbited by habitable planets with breathable atmospheres.
The height of the spectral lines above the star's general blackbody spectral curve tells us how much
oxygen is in the star
The atmosphere of Earth contains oxygen
The red or blueshift of the set of lines can tell us the speed of the star's motion toward or away from us
Can someone help with this?
How can we determine the existence of something we can't see? What is the evidence of dark matter and dark energy? How can we learn more about this phenomena?
Chapter 23 Solutions
Universe: Stars And Galaxies
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- Black Hole Accretion Disk. Part A: If the inner accretion disk around a black hole has a temperature of 1,000,000 K, at what wavelength will it radiate the most energy? Express your answer in units of nm. Part B: What part of the spectrum is this in?arrow_forwardWhat is a Worm Hole? How can we travel into the Worm Hole?arrow_forwardAstronomers are always seeking to build bigger, more powerful telescopes, which will allow them to study faint galaxies that are very far away. Which of the following is the main reason they're so obsessed with studying very distant galaxies? Group of answer choices Light traveled much faster during the early history of the universe, so we can study how the speed of light has changed through time. Very distant galaxies are more likely to contain planets than the Milky Way is, so we have a better chance of detecting life in those galaxies than we do in our own galaxy. Since the light from these galaxies took so long to reach us, we're seeing them as they were when the universe was very young. Strangely, distant galaxies are more like our Milky Way than the Milky Way's `neighbor' galaxies are, and astronomers would like to figure out why this is.arrow_forward
- Explain why astronomers use the term “blueshifted” for objects moving toward us and “redshifted” for objects moving away from us.arrow_forwardRadio astronomy involves wavelengths much longer than those of visible light, and many orbiting observatories have probed the universe for radiation of very short wavelengths. What sorts of objects and physical conditions would you expect to be associated with emission of radiation at very long and very short wavelengths?arrow_forwardHow Do We Know? How can mathematical models allow scientists to study processes that are hidden from human eyes or happen too fast or too slowly for humans to experience?arrow_forward
- Human civilization is about 10,000 years old as measured by the development of agriculture. If your telescope collects starlight tonight that has been traveling for 10,000 years, is that star inside or outside our Milky Way Galaxy? Is it likely that the star has changed much during that time?arrow_forwardExplain the term Gravitational lensing?arrow_forwardYour friends are talking about Olber's Paradox: Friend 1: When the universe was quite young, it was also quite small, and therefore light was trapped inside the universe. This is why we don't see light from the edge of the universe in every direction. Friend 2: No, Olber's Paradox describes only light from stars, not from galaxies, and why you can't use light from distant stars to see at night. Friend 3: You're both right and you're both wrong. The paradox concerns itself with the expansion of the universe, and explains why light from the early universe was able to be released. Are any of them right, in part or in whole?arrow_forward
- What is space wave communication? Write the range of frequencies suitable for space wave communication?arrow_forwardAstronomers now think that there is a black hole with more than 4 milliion times the mass of our Sun at the center of our galaxy? Roughly how large would the event horizon of such a supermassive black hole be? a. the size of our moon b. about 4 light years across c. about 17 times the size of our sun d. about the size of an atom (so much mass really compresses the event horizon) e. this question can't be answered without knowing what kind of stars were swallowed by the black holearrow_forwardDoes Hubble's Law work well for galaxies in the Local Group (such as Andromeda)? No, because dark energy is accelerating the universe's expansion over those distances. No, because we do not know the precise value of Ho. No, because Hubble did not know the Local Group existed when he discovered his law. Yes, it works well for all galaxies. No, because galaxies in the Local Group are bound gravitationally together.arrow_forward
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