Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Question
Chapter 23, Problem 2CT
Summary Introduction
To explain: The reason why the researchers have been able to use the information about the alleles of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in individuals from different countries to help in tracing the origin of human use of alcoholic beverages.
Introduction: Alcohol is a substance that is psychoactive and it is also the active ingredient in recreational drinks such as wine, beer, and other types of liquor. Alcohol is also highly addictive and it’s over consumption leads to liver failure. The method to produce alcohol varies based on the geographical location and the native fruits of that region.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
British colonists of North America brought beer yeasts with them when they settled in North America about 400 years ago. Over the course of hundreds of years, the beer yeasts of North American and of Britain became different in terms of their genetic characteristics. Also, the flavors and characteristics of beers from the two nations became different due to metabolic differences in the yeasts active in their fermentation process. Pick two explanations of these differences:
In case you aren't familiar with the homebrew type beer making process that would have been used at this point in history. A rich broth of malted barely and other carbon sources are inoculated with a small amount of live yeast/bacteria from a previous batch of beer (called pitching). This inoculated broth is incubated to support fermentation, which produces alcohol and other compounds that contribute to beer flavor. A very small amount of the live cells in this final product will be used to inoculate the next batch…
Based on the results of this study , which answer choice below is the best interpretation of the data that should be communicated to the public
Are the following examples a description of genetics at the molecular, cellular, organismal, or populational level?
A. People with cystic fibrosis have lung problems due to a buildup of mucus in their lungs
B. The mutant CF gene encodes a chloride transporter that doesn't
transport chloride ions very well.
C. A defect in the chloride transporter causes a salt imbalance in lung cells.
Chapter 23 Solutions
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 23 - Prob. 1RQCh. 23 - As shown in Figure 23.25, there is considerable...Ch. 23 - Prob. 3RQCh. 23 - Prob. 4RQCh. 23 - Prob. 5RQCh. 23 - Prob. 6RQCh. 23 - Prob. 1SQCh. 23 - The relative numbers of different genes (alleles)...Ch. 23 - A difference in survival and reproduction among...Ch. 23 - The fossil record of evolution correlates with...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- I have seen that this was answered as C, Why is the answer C, how is that not evidence of it being genetic? Shouldnt it be none of the above? Question: Of the following, which supports the idea that alcoholism has no genetic or a low genetic component? a) Some strains of mice select alcohol over water 75% of the time, whereas others shun alcohol. b) The concordance value is 55% for MZ twins and 28% for DZ twins. c) Biological sons of alcoholic men who have been adopted have a rate of alcoholism more like that of their adoptive fathers. d) There is a 20% to 25% risk of alcoholism in the sons of alcoholic men. e) None of these.arrow_forwardName crickets remain unnoticed by the parasitoid flies. To test this idea, Robin dissected the otS males to look for fly larvae. She compared A infection levels for 67 normal males- collected before the flatwing mutation appeared in the population-to 122 flatwing males that she collected after the flatwing mutation appeared. She expected fewer males to be infected by the parasitoid fly after the appearance of the flatwing mutation in the cricket population. Scientific Questions: Why do most male crickets on Kauai have flat wings? Could parasitoid flies have contributed to the loss of song for male crickets? Figure 2: A parasitoid fly, Ormia ochracea, sitting on top of its cricket host, Teleogryllus oceanicus. What is the hypothesis? Find the hypothesis in the text and underline it. A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for an observation, which can then be tested with experimentation or other types of studies. Scientific Data: Use the data below to answer the scientific questions:…arrow_forwardIn recent years, the country of Zambia in Africa has had increasing cases of malaria. If 8 % of the population is born with a severe form of sickle-cell anemia (ss), what percentage of the population will be more resistant to malaria because they are heterozygous (Ss) for the sickle-cell gene, under the Hardy-Weinberg assumption?arrow_forward
- One explanation for the prevalence of the sickle cell anemia trait in the human population in Africa is homozygous individuals carrying the Val-6 mutation die from sickle cell anemia before they can be infected with malaria so it reduced the malarial incidence in Africa. mosquitoes prefer to drink blood from humans with the sickle cell anemia trait so the more people with the mutation, the more mosquitoes there are in the area. having sickle cell anemia makes one more susceptible to malaria so the two go hand in hand with one feeding the other. heterozygous individuals carrying the Val-6 mutation are less susceptible to malaria because their red blood cells are resistant to infection by the malarial parasite.arrow_forwardWhich of the following experimental observations suggest that adisease has a genetic basis?A. The frequency of the disease is less likely in relatives that liveapart compared with relatives that live together.B. The frequency of the disease is unusually high in a small groupof genetically related individuals who live in southern Spain.C. The disease symptoms usually begin around the age of 40.D. It is more likely that both monozygotic twins will be affectedby the disease than will dizygotic twins.arrow_forwardRecent studies reveal that certain areas of the DNA are less prone to DNA mutations and that mutations may not be random after all. In a study on Arabidopsis thaliana, important genes that are involved in cell growth and expression have been observed to have low mutation rates. What is a possible implication of this observation in evolution?arrow_forward
- In 2006, there was a sudden, unexplained die-off of honeybee colonies throughout the United States. The die-off was economically significant because one-third of the human diet comes from insect-pollinated plants, and honeybees are responsible for 80% of the pollination. In October of 2006, the sequence of the honeybee genome was reported. Interestingly, the genome was found to contain far fewer cytochrome P450 genes than do the genomes of other insects. Suggest how the die-off and the paucity of P450 genes may be related.arrow_forwardSuppose that you are hired by a biotechnology firm to produce a strain of giant fruit flies, by using recombinant DNA technology, so that genetics students will not be forced to strain their eyes when looking at tiny flies. You go to the library and learn that growth in fruit flies is normally inhibited by a hormone called shorty substance P (SSP). You decide that you can produce giant fruit flies if you can somehow turn off the production of SSP. SSP is synthesized from a compound called XSP in a single-step reaction catalyzed by the enzyme runtase: XSP———————>SSP runtase A researcher has already isolated cDNA for runtase and has sequenced it, but the location of the runtase gene in the Drosophila genome is unknown. In attempting to devise a strategy for turning off the production of SSP and producing giant flies by using standard recombinant DNA techniques, you discover that deleting, inactivating, or otherwise mutating this DNA sequence in Drosophila turns out to be extremely…arrow_forwardCertain genes influence the probability of developing Alzheimer’s disease or other conditions that occur mostly in old age. Given that the genes controlling old age have their onset long after people have stopped having children, how could evolution have any effect on such genes?arrow_forward
- You are collaborating with a cool new local brewery on an experiment with one of their strains Saccharomyces cerevisiae, brewer’s yeast. You decide to apply what you learned in Evolution to create a mutation accumulation (MA) line to see if the patterns of mutation in their strain of S. cerevisiae follow patterns seen in other species. Which of the following best describes an actual result you observe form studying the mutation accumulation (MA) lines you created? a. Beneficial mutations occur far less frequently than deleterious mutations do. b. The neutral mutations had a greater effect on fitness compared to other mutation types. c. Most of the mutations that occur are the result of large chromosomal rearrangements. d. Of all possible mutation types, deleterious mutations are the most common mutation.arrow_forwardThe platypus is one of a very small number of mammals that are venomous. Researchers compared the substances in the platypus venom to that of venomous reptiles. They found that the venom in platypus was derived from a protein called defensin, while that in many reptiles was based on a protein called crotamine. The protein structure of these molecules is remarkably similar, though they are controlled by unrelated genes in each taxa. Both molecules originated as non-toxic antimicrobial compounds. Part A: Venom in both platypus and reptiles is an example of: A. Homologous traits B. Analogous traits C. Adaptive radiation D. Genetic drift Part B: A trait matrix for the amniotes is below. Using the trait matrix, match the taxa to the letters at the branch tips. (see attached image) Using the image, match the taxa to the letters at the branch tips 1. Chicken 2. Kangaroo 3. Viviparity 4. Placenta Part C: In which location(s) did each trait evolve on the phylogeny? If more than one location…arrow_forwardSickle cell anemia is a disease caused by a mutation at the genotypic level. A person with two copies of the gene has the disease, but a person with one copy of the gene does not have the disease. The diagram shows how this mutation affects an organism. Use the image to answer the question. The mutation causes the deformity of the red blood cell, the component of blood that carries oxygen throughout the body. The deformed cells can clump together and can clog blood vessels. The parasites responsible for the sickle cell condition are killed in the deformed red blood cells. In which type of environment would carriers of the disease be naturally selected for? A. low altitude B. high altitude C. low population of parasites D. high population of parasitesarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles Of Radiographic Imaging: An Art And A ...Health & NutritionISBN:9781337711067Author:Richard R. Carlton, Arlene M. Adler, Vesna BalacPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles Of Radiographic Imaging: An Art And A ...
Health & Nutrition
ISBN:9781337711067
Author:Richard R. Carlton, Arlene M. Adler, Vesna Balac
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Alcohol | Health | topic | FuseSchool; Author: FuseSchool - Global Education;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2Rgxm7Vvi8;License: Standard Youtube License