Chapter 23, Problem 23.75EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To characterize the change of citrate to isocitrate in terms of carbon atom as (1) a C₆ to C₆ change, (2) a C₆ to C₅ change, (3) a C₅ to C₄ change, or (4) a C₄ to C₄ change.

Concept introduction: Citric acid cycle is the third stage of the biochemical energy production process. The cycle includes the reactions in which the acetyl part of acetyl CoA is oxidized and leads to the formation of carbon dioxide and $\text{CoA-SH}$. An overview of the citric acid cycle is as follows:

The citric acid cycle is included in the common metabolic pathway because the reactions in this stage are the same for different kinds of food.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To characterize the change of succinate to fumarate in terms of carbon atom as (1) a C₆ to C₆ change, (2) a C₆ to C₅ change, (3) a C₅ to C₄ change, or (4) a C₄ to C₄ change.

Concept introduction: Citric acid cycle is the third stage of the biochemical energy production process. The cycle includes the reactions in which the acetyl part of acetyl CoA is oxidized and leads to the formation of carbon dioxide and $\text{CoA-SH}$.

An overview of the citric acid cycle is as follows:

The citric acid cycle is included in the common metabolic pathway because the reactions in this stage are the same for different kinds of food.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To characterize the change of malate to oxaloacetate in terms of carbon atom as (1) a C₆ to C₆ change, (2) a C₆ to C₅ change, (3) a C₅ to C₄ change, or (4) a C₄ to C₄ change.

Concept introduction: Citric acid cycle is the third stage of the biochemical energy production process. The cycle includes the reactions in which the acetyl part of acetyl CoA is oxidized and leads to the formation of carbon dioxide and $\text{CoA-SH}$. An overview of the citric acid cycle is as follows:

The citric acid cycle is included in the common metabolic pathway because the reactions in this stage are the same for different kinds of food.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To characterize the change of isocitrate to $\alpha \text{-ketoglutarate}$ in terms of carbon atom as (1) a C₆ to C₆ change, (2) a C₆ to C₅ change, (3) a C₅ to C₄ change, or (4) a C₄ to C₄ change.

Concept introduction: Citric acid cycle is the third stage of the biochemical energy production process. The cycle includes the reactions in which the acetyl part of acetyl CoA is oxidized and leads to the formation of carbon dioxide and $\text{CoA-SH}$. An overview of the citric acid cycle is as follows:

The citric acid cycle is included in the common metabolic pathway because the reactions in this stage are the same for different kinds of food.