Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134093413
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 23, Problem 1TYU
Natural selection changes allele frequencies because some _______________ survive and reproduce better than others.
(A) alleles
(B) loci
(C) species
(D) individuals
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Evolution is most accurately described as a change in allele frequencies in over time.
(a) an individual
(b) a species
(c) a population
(d) a community
Alternatively, selection may be performed during mating, where mating is done after a selection process of one of the sexes. The surviving individuals can pass on their (1) to the next generation. When these variations are sustained over a long time and the population changes so that it can no longer (2) with the parent population, a new species is said to have evolved.
Applied Natural Selection: You are studying a population of a newly-discovered species of mammal called grendels. They live here in the woods of CT, and the population has a wide range of thicknesses to their fur coats.
Most have a moderately thick coat year-round, including “Bob” and “Dave” and “Smurfette” and “Cindy,” four individuals that you are tracking. But a few such as “Stan” have noticeably thinner coats, and there is even one that you call “Biff” that looks almost naked and has very little body hair at all (a metrosexual grendel, if you will).
On the other hand, there are also a few with thicker-than-average coats such as “Penny” and “Silvia,” and one that you have nicknamed “Cousin It” because you can’t even see his eyes through all his lustrous hair.
(a) Using what you know about the different types of Selection, describe what you might expect of this population in terms of fur thickness over the next 1000 years if the climate stays the same as it has been up until…
Chapter 23 Solutions
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Ch. 23.1 - Explain why genetic Variation within a population...Ch. 23.1 - Ot all the mutations that occur in a population,...Ch. 23.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS If a population stopped...Ch. 23.2 - A population has 700 individuals, 85 of genotype...Ch. 23.2 - The frequency of allele a is 0.45 for a population...Ch. 23.2 - WHAT IF? A locus that affects susceptibility to a...Ch. 23.3 - In what sense is natural selection more...Ch. 23.3 - Distinguish genetic draft from gene flow in terms...Ch. 23.3 - WH AT IF? Suppose two plant populations exchange...Ch. 23.4 - What is the relative fitness of a sterile mule?...
Ch. 23.4 - Explain why natural selection is the only...Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 23 - Typically. most of the nucleotide variabillity...Ch. 23 - Is it circular reasoning to calculate p ond q from...Ch. 23 - Would two small, geographically isolated...Ch. 23 - How might secondary sex characteristics in males...Ch. 23 - Natural selection changes allele frequencies...Ch. 23 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 23 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 23 - There are 25 individuals in population 1, all with...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 23 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Using at least two examples,...Ch. 23 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY INTERPRET THE DATA Researchers...Ch. 23 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 23 - SYNTHESI2E YOUR KNOWLEDGE This kettle lake forracd...
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- Allele frequency refers to the fraction of individuals with a particular version of a given gene.What effect does natural selection have on the allele frequency of a population? A. It causes the allele frequency to resemble that of a small number of individuals that became separated from the rest of the population. B. It causes random changes and the allele frequency of certain traits may increase or decrease. C. It increases the frequency of alleles that improve a species' survival in a particular environment. D. It greatly reduces the total population, which increases the effects of genetic drift on allele frequency.arrow_forwardExplain how these drawings illustrate an example of natural selection. Include the term "adaptive heritable trait" in your answer. A deer comes to eat. | A few weeks later the right-hand cactus has flowers. This figure shows the situation a few months later.arrow_forwardThe allele frequency in the population below has changed. Is this an example of evolution? * First generation Second generation →意意意憲 憲憲憲意 AMA 态意憲意 75% 25% 71% 29% Yes No Not enough information 介 介 介arrow_forward
- Natural selection is known to modify the population, stating that “the fittest individuals survive and reproduce, passing on their traits from generation to generation”. Give an example.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements does NOT agree with the tenets of Darwin's theory of evolution by means of natural selection? O A. The phenotypes of individuals in a population will differ and, in some cases, these differences are the result of traits passed down from parent to offspring. B. Phenotypes become more common over time if individuals with those phenotypes have higher reproductive success. O C. The fitness of an individual with a particular phenotype is independent of the environmental conditions it experiences. O D. Resources limit the total number of individuals in a population.arrow_forwardIn a certain population, a previously neutral, homozygous recessive gene (aa) becomes lethal through changed environmental circumstances. The frequency of the recessive allele (q) was 0.5 before the environmental changes. (i) What was the genotype distribution when the recessive genotype was not selected against / selectively neutral? (ii) What will be the allelic frequency after one generation in the altered generation? Assume random mating among the breeding population. (iii) What will be the genotype frequency of the progeny breeding population?arrow_forward
- When taking the question, it would appear as: Consider global warming, a continual gradual increase in average temperatures. How might you expect this to affect natural selection? A.environmental changes are unpredictable, and natural selection is a random process, so it is difficult to predict outcome B.species from warmer climates are likely to expand their ranges into higher latitudes C.traits that increase reproductive success under warmer temperatures are likely to increase in frequency in a population D.the stress caused by higher temperatures will increase mutation ratesarrow_forwardIn the Grants’ study of the medium ground finch, do you think the pattern of natural selection was directional, stabilizing, disruptive, or balancing? Explain your answer. If the environment remained dry indefinitely (for many years), what do you think would be the long-term outcome?arrow_forwardHow do these diagrams support the Natural Selection doctrine?arrow_forward
- Suppose that, in one generation, the frequency of the A allele is 40 percent (p=0.40) and the frequency of the a allele is 60 Percent ( q=0.60 ). If this population is in genetic equilibrium, chances of an individual in the next generation having genotype AA would be __(1)__. The probability of genotype aa would be __(2)__. The probability of genotype Aa would be __(3)__. show computationarrow_forwardA population of gophers is very isolated, so no individuals can move in/out of the population. It is very small, so random events affect allele frequencies and many traits are under strong selection. Males are chosen randomly. Which statement is correct? A. Allele frequencies in 10 generations will be different than they are today. B. Individual gophers are evolving traits they need to survive C.Genetic drift is not acting on the gophers D. The population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibriumarrow_forwardSuppose that, in one generation, the frequency of the A allele is 40 percent (p=0.40) and the frequency of a allele is 60 percent (q=0.60). If this population is in genetic equilibrium, (1) chances of an individual in the next generation having genotype AA would be ___?(2) The probabilities of genotype aa would be ___? (3) The probability of genotype Aa would be ___? Direction: Provide an answer in 1, 2 and 3 question.arrow_forward
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